In 2015 refugee crisis, Hungary's strict border controls and legal reforms drew international criticism, straining EU relations. This article employs the qualitative legal historical methodology to investigate the historical dynamics underpinning Hungary's shifting refugee policies. The analysis...

Does pro-immigrant legislation improve financial inclusion? This paper examines how granting safe havens for immigrants impacts Hispanics' financial behavior and discrimination against them in the U.S. mortgage market. To identify the effect, I take advantage of the staggered implementation of...

Does better access to foreign workers reduce firms' willingness to provide general skills training to unskilled workers? We analyze how the opening of the Swiss labor market to workers from the European Union affected the number of apprenticeship positions that firms provide. We exploit that the...

The main challenge in high-skilled immigration is to make Europe sufficiently attractive. Employers should be trusted to evaluate who is qualified to work in non-regulated professions. Migration Partnerships ease low-skilled labor migration and help combat irregular migration. Distributing...

Worldwide, many people aspire to migrate to the EU for various motives, including persecution at home and better economic prospects in the EU - hence the notion of "mixed" migration. Without restrictions, far more people would migrate to the EU than the EU can or will accommodate. This is true...

Migration can stimulate economic growth when managed strategically. Heterogeneous impacts require targeted and redistributive policies. Narratives of migration as purely a supply-side issue are overly reductive. Migration can serve as a deficit-financing alternative to tax hikes or spending...

The labour market integration of migrants is a heavily politicised topic in Europe. Using detailed and recently updated data on migrant's motivations this paper places a much needed emphasis upon the heterogeneity of migrant groups and the pathways to their labour market integration. We focus on...

The labor market integration of asylum seekers remains a contested issue. Using the EU-Labor-Force-Survey, we characterize the state of asylum seekers’ labor market integration in Europe, and provide representative statistics on several dimensions of integration. We compare asylum seekers to...

We study how the US presidential election of 2016 affected the subsequent inflow of Mexican-born immigrants. We use the "Matricula Consular de Alta Seguridad" data to construct proxies for annual inflows and internal movements of Mexican-born individuals, including undocumented immigrants,...

In recent years Myanmar has witnessed considerable economic and political instability, leading many young people, particularly the higher-skilled, to consider migrating abroad for improved prospects. We employ an innovative method to quantify migration intentions among high-skilled youth by...

I study how access to foreign-born workers impacts firms and local economics in times of acute crisis. The 2020 H-2B visa lottery randomly gave some U.S. firms the chance to hire low-wage, migrant workers during the height of the COVID-19 pandemic. Using administrative data across three...

This study examines how political engagement shapes public attitudes toward legal immigration in the United States. Using nationally weighted data from the 2024 ANES Pilot Study, we construct a novel Political Engagement Index (PAX) based on five civic actions—discussing politics, online...

Higher-income countries are aging at unprecedented rates, creating skills shortages in critical sectors ranging from healthcare to construction to information technology. At the same time, many lower-income countries are experiencing booming youth populations, but many lack the skills needed to...

Migration in the East Asia and Pacific (EAP) region is growing in importance, shaped by workers seeking opportunities abroad and governments implementing policies to meet skills needs and stimulate economic growth. Most migrants in the area are economic migrants, voluntarily moving abroad to...

We evaluate a labor market integration program that fast-tracked asylum seekers into the Italian labor market through personalized job mentoring, placement assistance, and on-the-job training. Leveraging randomized assignment across reception centers and individual-level administrative records,...

As climate change progresses, the number of people who are being forced to leave their homes and cross borders due to environmental change is increasing. At the same time, they lack safe, orderly and regular migration pathways. Regional free movement can expand the leeway for those who are...

This working paper investigates unintended consequences of U.S. FDI in Switzerland in the 1950s-1960s: the increased competition that U.S. firms generated within the national labor market and the challenge their hiring practices constituted for the institutional settings in which labor relations...

In a representative democracy politicians should either implement policies that voters want or policies that politicians believe are in voters long-term interest, even if voters currently oppose them. While the exact balance between these goals is debatable, politicians can also have strong...

This study compares Indonesia's and Hungary's legal and humanitarian approaches to managing the 2015-2022 refugee crisis and proposes an exit strategy for Indonesia's refugee handling. Indonesia faces challenges due to the maximum detention duration stipulated in its Immigration Law No. 6/2011,...

The Philippines has introduced initiatives to attract retirement migrants, including visa and residence permit programs and various incentives. Central to these efforts is the Special Resident Retiree's Visa (SRRV), managed by the Philippine Retirement Authority (PRA). The SRRV offers a...

This overview presents the authorities responsible for the examination of applications for international protection in EU+ countries, which are commonly described as asylum authorities. The authorities which are competent for Dublin procedure will be presented on a separate issue. For each...

Using multiple waves of Statistics Canada's Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) linked with the Longitudinal Immigration Database (IMDB), as well as the Uppsala Conflict Data Program (UCDP)/ International Peace Research Institute in Oslo (PRIO) Armed Conflict Dataset, we examine the effect...