This paper examines the causal impact of a large-scale Turkish language training program on the academic performance, school participation, and mental well-being of Syrian refugee children in T¨urkiye. Using rich administrative data and a staggered difference-in-differences design, we find that...

Are national borders an impediment to online collaboration in the knowledge economy? Unlike in goods trade, knowledge workers can collaborate fully virtually, such that border effects might be eliminated. Here we study collaboration patterns of some 144,000 European developers on the largest...

Purpose: The aim of the study is to explore the current enlargement dynamics of the European Union (EU) from the perspective of history, territory and identity. By looking at these issues in different country/case examples, the aim is to shed new light on why some enlargement processes have...

This study examines the barriers to female entrepreneurship in India's microenterprise sector through society and bureaucracy. The study uses grammatical genders in languages to capture the societal attitudes towards female entrepreneurship. Using a probit model, it was found that states where...

We conducted a controlled experiment to study how different gender frames used in the instructions affect economic behavior. In our experiment, we systematically varied the framing of the instructions, either using the male, the female, or a gender-inclusive form. Participants played three...

In this paper we deliver first causal evidence on the relationship between immigrant host country language proficiency and homeownership. Using an instrumental variable strategy, we find a substantial positive impact of language skills on the propensity to own a home and the quality of housing....

This paper examines the causal impact of a large-scale Turkish language training program on the academic performance, school participation, and mental well-being of Syrian refugee children in T¨urkiye. Using rich administrative data and a staggered difference-in-differences design, we find that...

Customer reviews are crucial in potential buyers' decision-making process. However, on online platforms, the credibility of these reviews is often undermined by fake reviews, which can mislead users. With advancements in large language models (LLMs), the review landscape has transformed, making...

Metaheuristics are widely used to address complex optimisation problems where traditional exact methods are computationally infeasible or insufficiently flexible. With the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence, large language models, such as ChatGPT, Claude, Gemini, and LLaMA, have...

The development of English-language skills, a near necessity in today’s global economy, is heavily influenced by historical national decisions about whether to subtitle or dub TV content. While prior studies of language acquisition have focused on schools, we show the overwhelming influence of...

The development of English-language skills, a near necessity in today’s global economy, is heavily influenced by historical national decisions about whether to subtitle or dub TV content. While prior studies of language acquisition have focused on schools, we show the overwhelming influence of...

The internet transformed the landscape for (prospective) migrants, including the ability to learn foreign languages. The popular language learning app Duolingo rolled out 84 courses between source and target languages between 2012 and 2021. These courses increased the number of languages spoken...

The linguistic obligations imposed by Catalan law on individuals in the framework of trade and consumers relations are not based on the regulation of the co-officiality of Catalan language in the territory of Catalonia. These linguistic obligations are not based on the protection of public...

This analysis looks at the compatibility with the EU Treaties of rules requiring signs, information and customer service to be in a regional language which is an official language of a Member States but not an official language of the EU. In order for rules to fall within the scope of the Treaty...

This analysis looks at the compatibility with the EU Treaties of rules requiring signs, information and customer service to be in a regional language which is an official language of a Member States but not an official language of the EU. In order for rules to fall within the scope of the Treaty...

This paper examines the impact of complex yet precise language, particularly financial jargon, on information dissemination and ultimately market efficiency. As a natural laboratory, we analyze the information exchanged during earnings conference calls, where we instrument jargon with the Plain...