Fixed Wireless Access (FWA) ist der Ersatz eines Festnetzanschlusses durch eine Funklösung. Er wird im Kontext des angestrebten Gigabit-Breitbandausbaus in der Fläche, in dünn besiedelten Gebieten, grundsätzlich als eine Alternative zum teuren Glasfaserausbau angesehen, um Endkunden mit...

This research paper presents a novel approach for fault-tolerant Wireless Sensor Networks (FT-WSNs) designed for IoT applications. The approach addresses obstacle detection challenges in WSNs to ensure uninterrupted network operation and optimize energy consumption. A hexagonal topology...

This task provides network clustering strategies and cluster header preference in wireless sensor networks to increase the efficiency of the link pool over its lifetime. The routing rule set is used to cluster wireless sensors in the community, using the leaching protocol as a benchmark. This...

Fixed Wireless Access (FWA) ist der Ersatz eines Festnetzanschlusses durch eine Funklösung. Er wird im Kontext des angestrebten Gigabit-Breitbandausbaus in der Fläche, in dünn besiedelten Gebieten, grundsätzlich als eine Alternative zum teuren Glasfaserausbau angesehen, um Endkunden mit...

As the cell and PCS world collides into wireless LANs and Internet-based parcel information, new networking approaches will maintain the blend of voice and information on the composite establishment of cell base stations and Ethernet-based wireless passages. Cross-Layer Design has become an...

An Algorithm to extend sensor lifetime and energy is implemented for different scenarios of ad hoc and wireless sensor networks. The goal is to prolong the lifetimes of sensors, covering a number of targeted zones by creating subsets of sensors, in which each subset covers entirely the targeted...

Die Beschleunigung der Digitalisierung und die Reduzierung des CO2 Emissionen sind derzeit zwei Hauptziele der Politik der Europäischen Union. Die derzeit aktuellen FTTH und 5G Festnetz- und Mobilfunk-Technologien tragen erheblich zur Digitalisierung bei und unterstützen gleichzeitig die...

The Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is a monitoring system consisting of a large number of wireless devices forming a multi-hop network without infrastructure. WSN nodes are generally cheap resource-constrained devices detecting environmental features using sensors.Although well-established...

Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs) enable a variety of applications such as fish farming and water quality monitoring. One of the critical tasks in such networks is localization. Location information can be used in sensor networks for several purposes such as: (i) data tagging in which...

The sensor nodes in wireless sensor network are deployed to function in faraway locations. On the basis of network setup WSN can be: Flat, Hierarchical or cluster based network. The diverse benefits of cluster based networks are efficient utilization of energy, improved data communication,...

In Wireless Sensor Network one of the most significant and support technology is the Time Synchronization. The efficient Time synchronization is a well-known challenge for Wireless Sensor Network and at the same time it is a concept that has been attracting the research community since the last...

Accelerating digitization along with the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions are both critical objectives for the European Union at this time. The modern generations of fixed and mobile network technologies FTTH and 5G can make significant contributions to digitization as well as improving...

This chapter explores the history of community wireless networks (CWNs) through diverse case studies in Europe, Africa and the United States. Mesh networks are a prime example of a peer production practice. Anyone willing to place a router on his or her rooftop or window can play a role in...

Der Zugriff auf das Internet hat sich durch die Verbreitung mobiler Endgeräte im vergangenen Jahrzehnt von der stationären hin zur mobilen Nutzung verändert. Da Kapazitäts- und Geschwindigkeitsbeschränkungen der meisten Mobilfunktarife die Möglichkeiten der mobilen Internetnutzung...

In this article, we analyse the prediction that wireless local area network (W-LAN) technologies will be disruptive for incumbent mobile communications network operators. For this purpose, we develop a methodology of guided interviews to assess technologies for their disruptive characteristics...

In this paper we examine quality-adjusted prices for local area network (LAN) equipment. Hedonic regressions are used to estimate price changes for the two largest classes of LAN equipment, routers and switches. A matched model was used for LAN cards and the prices for hubs were inferred by...

Energy efficient protocol design is the aim of current researches in the area of sensor networks where limited power resources impose energy conservation considerations. In this paper we concern for Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols the recent technology that is used in the Wireless sensor...

Wireless communications offer organizations and users many benefits such as portability and flexibility, increased productivity, and lower installation costs. Wireless technologies cover a broad range of differing capabilities oriented toward different uses and needs. Wireless local area network...

Wireless body area networks are a key component to the healthcare applications. The real time patient’s medical data can be collected by using simple wearable sensors on the human body. The body sensors on patients gather all critical health information and report it to remote healthcare...

Over the next decade, regulators will spend increasing time on the conflicts between the private interests of the wireless industry and the public's interest in the best uses of its spectrum. This report examines the practices of the wireless industry with an eye toward understanding their...

"This book examines the impact of data communications and networking technologies, policies, and management on business organizations, capturing their effect on IT-enabled management practices. It includes analytical and empirical research articles, business case studies, and surveys that...

"This book examines the impact of data communications and networking technologies, policies, and management on business organizations, capturing their effect on IT-enabled management practices. It includes analytical and empirical research articles, business case studies, and surveys that...

The rate of personal computers and workstations in the 27 countries of the EU reached 96 %. The biggest backlog can be observed in the number of enterprises having and maintaining a website. Hungary's rate of 47 % is less than the EU average by 13 % and this rate was enough to overtake only two...

An internationally harmonized regulation permitting unlicensed transmission in the lower UHF bands is proposed. Such a regulation is expected to create a new market for high range WLAN and digital PMSE devices, closing one of the last gaps of unlicensed wireless communication.

The amount of water evaporated from the soil surface and lost through transpiration of the crop is collectively called evapotranspiration. With drip irrigation, evaporation from the soil is minimized, particularly in plastic mulch production systems, leaving crop transpiration as the main...