Research and development (R&D) is a central driver of long-term economic growth, technological progress, and institutional capacity. Yet many African countries remain marginal in the global knowledge economy, with limited investment in science, technology, and innovation (STI) and weak research...

This study examines whether receiving anticipatory cash transfers during an extreme winter affects households’ demand for index-based livestock insurance. We exploit a randomized field experiment conducted during the 2020/21 winter disaster in western Mongolia and combine household panel...

The EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) leads to higher electricity prices and thus higher costs for electricity-intensive industries in the EU, reducing their competitiveness compared to those in non-EU countries. This disparity may result in carbon leakage, where production shifts abroad,...

The financial environment is under great pressure as a result of dynamically changing macroeconomic factors. In this situation, full of uncertainty, understanding the relationship between macroeconomic factors and financial markets becomes a key issue. Market analysts and investors are...

Start-ups are an important component of driving context-sensitive sustainable development in emerging markets based on domestic innovation. However, knowledge on how best to support the capabilities, networks and access to finance of such ventures is limited, specifically in emerging markets. In...

This paper estimates the causal impact of Brexit on migrant employment in the United Kingdom using a synthetic difference-in-differences (SDID) framework. We construct a counterfactual trajectory for the UK based on a weighted combination of comparable European economies and compare...

We study the relative effectiveness, cost-effectiveness, and interaction of family- and schoolbased learning interventions using a randomized controlled trial in Colombia that assigns children to a parental engagement program, a teacher professional development program, both, or a control group....

We provide experimental evidence on how fiscal news shapes households' expectations and spending behavior. Using a new survey of ~11,000 Korean individuals linked to automatically collected high-frequency spending data, we elicit respondents' fiscal and macroeconomic beliefs and randomly provide...

Moderne Breitbandnetze sind eine zentrale Voraussetzung für die digitale Transformation von Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft. Die vorliegende EcoAustria Policy Note analysiert auf Basis mehrjähriger Forschungsarbeiten und einer Evaluierung der Programme BBA2020 und BBA2030 die volkswirtschaftlichen...

Since 2018, tariffs have re-emerged as a tool for protecting domestic economies, particularly in the US. This paper examines the macroeconomic and welfare effects of various import tariff scenarios using a four-region dynamic general equilibrium model with a multi-sectoral production network....

Many countries use job-retention schemes, such as short-time work (STW), to stabilize the labor market during economic downturns. While these schemes might prevent unemployment (UE) and its adverse effects on workers, STW could also deter workers from moving to more productive firms, thereby...

Cahyadi et al. (2020) examine the cumulative effects of conditional cash transfer programs in Indonesia after 2 and 6 years. They find beneficial effects for several of the indicators targeted by the cash transfer programme. They find a substantial increase in childcare using trained...

This paper discusses the key concepts and main stylized facts concerning household real income and income inequality in the United States in recent decades. It explains the widely used summary measures of income distribution, which reveal that income inequality in the US has been steadily...

We extend the heteroskedasticity IV estimator of Rigobon and Sack (2004) from one to multiple monetary policy shocks by imposing recursive zero restrictions on the impact matrix. Unlike high-frequency identification, the approach requires neither intraday tick data nor precise announcement...

Since the Industrial Revolution, the increase in greenhouse gas emissions has led to a significant rise in global temperatures compared to the pre-industrial period. This development has heightened the importance of carbon pricing policies in combating climate change. This study aims to examine...

Recent studies have focused on the detrimental effects of global economic policy uncertainty (EPU) on firm profitability. Nevertheless, none of these studies has focused on a developing economy like Nigeria. To understand this, the study conducted a host of regression analyses using the Driscoll...

This paper examines whether monetary policy shocks affect CO₂ emissions over time in Brazil. We show that CO₂ emissions decline persistently following contractionary monetary policy shocks. The relationship between monetary policy and CO₂ emissions in Brazil is assessed through two...

Hosting mega-sports events generates optimistic projections of economic benefits, yet empirical evidence on actual local returns remains mixed. Focusing on the UEFA EURO 2024 in Germany, this paper provides causal evidence on the short-term local consumption effects of hosting mega-events. We...

We estimate the economic consequences of electricity blackout scenarios on the automotive industry and the Slovak economy. Our estimates of inoperability of the automotive sector range from 2.9 % to 4.2 % across regions on the first day of the blackout, while the overall inoperability of the...

I develop a model-based definition of time-varying sovereign bond safety, and apply it empirically by constructing a news-based index, the FLY, that measures global safe-assets demand. The FLY captures flight-to-safety episodes, the savings glut, and natural interest rate declines. Estimated FLY...

Global trade flows and supply chains adjust gradually. Empirical estimates of the trade elasticity for the short run are a fraction of those for the long run and suggest that trade is subject to substantive dynamic frictions. We develop a tractable framework that provides microfoundations for...

Städte können das Klima schützen, indem sie Bewohnerparken teurer machen, Schnellbuslinien einführen oder kostenloses Parken für Elektroautos ermöglichen. Im Auftrag des Verkehrsministeriums Baden-Württemberg hat das Fraunhofer ISI die Klimawirkungen verschiedener Maßnahmen für den...

Im Euroraum sind rund 12 % der Preise administriert, das heißt, ihre Festsetzung erfolgt entweder direkt durch den Staat oder wird stark von ihm beeinflusst; in Österreich sind es rund 9 %. Besonders im Dienstleistungssektor ist der staatliche Einfluss hoch - im Euroraum sind etwa 18 % der...

This paper examines how parental migration interacts with unconditional cash transfers (UCTs) for education by analyzing Indonesia's Smart Indonesia Program (PIP), which provides educational grants to children from poor households. Using a difference-in-differences approach and nationally...

This paper examines the impact of the European Union's Cohesion Policy 2014-2020 on enterprise dynamics at the NUTS-2 level. Using discrete eligibility thresholds at 75 and 90 percent of EU average GDP per capita, we implement sharp and fuzzy regression discontinuity designs to assess effects on...

This paper evaluates EU Cohesion Policy interventions during 2014-2020 using regression discontinuity design (RDD), exploiting funding thresholds at 75 and 90 percent of EU average GDP per capita across 281 NUTS-2 regions. The analysis examines nominal and real GDP per capita growth, GDP per...

Is place-based green industrial policy effective? This paper examines the Inflation Reduction Act’s Energy Community provisions, which provide spatially targeted incentives for renewable energy investment. Using a difference-in-differences design with investment and job vacancy data, it shows...

This paper evaluates the employment and sales effects of two widely used financial support instruments for small and medium-sized enterprises, interest rate subsidies and credit guarantees, using administrative program data from Kazakhstan matched to the universe of firms. Utilizing staggered...

The worldwide move toward renewable energy indicates a fundamental change that is particularly important in the MENA region, which has abundant renewable resources and has depended on hydrocarbon economies. This study presents an empirical examination of key macroeconomic determinants-inflation,...

Thailand's 2024 excise tax reform aimed to stimulate the tourism economy through the elimination of import tariffs and the reduction in excise rates on wine. This study evaluates the causal economic and distributional impacts of this policy intervention. The analysis employs a quasi-experimental...

In Morocco, the increasing public expenditure on essential sectors, such as education, does not always lead to improved outcomes, highlighting a significant gap between resource allocation and quality enhancement. This study examines the efficiency of public expenditure in education, health, and...

This study investigates the potential effects of Mobile Money (MM) and Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDCs) on the average transaction costs of remittances to Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), with a focus on Nigeria. While much of the current literature highlights the theoretical benefits of CBDCs...

During economic crises, urban policymakers must assess whether housing assistance helps prevent evictions. This study explores the link between housing assistance and eviction risk and how household financial capacity influences this relationship. Using 207,203 observations from the...

This study investigates the macroeconomic impact of financial corruption and institutional weakness on Pakistan's economy from 1996 to 2023, addressing a critical research gap in quantifying the simultaneous effects of shadow economy operations and poor governance on economic growth. Grounded in...