This paper revisits the empirical analysis of Nakamura and Steinsson (2014). I reconstruct and extend the original dataset to cover the period 1966-2019, harmonizing two major sources of data: the Defense Contract Action Data System (DCADS) and USAspending.gov. I discuss how to aggregate these...

After many years of underinvestment in defence, EU Member States are rearming, but much criticism has been levelled at the slow pace. Many argue that more European cooperation on defence acquisition and arms procurement would not only make buying arms faster and cheaper, but also strengthen the...

After many years of underinvestment in defence, EU Member States are rearming, but much criticism has been levelled at the slow pace. Many argue that more European cooperation on defence acquisition and arms procurement would not only make buying arms faster and cheaper, but also strengthen the...

Freer trade in transatlantic public procurement will be possible only if greater understanding of the two systems is achieved. One of the fundamental differences between the two is their composition of purchases: whereas in U.S. federal procurement 70-80% of purchases are military, defense...

The Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) promises to liberalize trade between the European Union and the United States. Although the negotiations have so far excluded defense, this essay considers what would happen if a TTIP removed overt restrictions. What barriers would...

The U.S. government spends billions of dollars every year on goods and services from foreign countries. Most of this spending is for military purposes. Over $1 billion a year in overseas defense spending is “strategic,” meaning that it is designed to support both global military operations...

The acquisition and procurement of major weapons systems is fraught with difficulties. They tend to be delivered late, over budget and unable to meet requirements. This Element provides an economic analysis of why this happens. Market structure, demand by the military and supply by the arms...

Zwischen 1961 und 1974 schlossen die Bundesrepublik und die USA acht Offset-Abkommen. Im Rahmen dieser Abkommen erwarb die Bundesrepublik Rüstungsgüter und US-Staatsanleihen, um die Devisenkosten der in der Bundesrepublik stationierten US-Truppen zu kompensieren. Im übergeordneten Sinne...

The European Commission (EC) has proposed expanding the European Defence Fund, an initiative to fund defense technology developed in Europe. As a general matter, only European firms would have access to the fund for development, and participating European nations would need to commit themselves...

As a country largely free of the corruption that bedevils the defence procurement of many of Australia's Asian neighbours, it is generally assumed that Australia's national security interests, together with value for money, are the paramount criteria for Australia's defence procurement. This is...

Effective defenses that are designed to protect civilians in war have significant implications for policy planning, military strategy, international relations, domestic politics and economics. Defenses can increase or decrease overall humanitarian welfare. Surprisingly, existing legal...

This Alert explains the importance of the defence dimensions of Europe's cyber security efforts. In addition to exercises and training, the Union is now increasingly in a position to financially invest in cyber defence.

Public and private organizations are transitioning from buying or selling products to procuring or selling complex, long-term integrated solutions consisting of bun-dles of interrelated products and services (Wise and Baumgartner, 1999; Davies et al., 2007). In response to an increasing demand for...

Despite differences in scale, Canada and the U.S. face common challenges in military procurement and there is much Canada can learn as both countries pursue reforms. The U.S. employs a system of systems approach, based on requirements, resource allocation and acquisition. The process begins with...

Offsets - otherwise known as industrial compensations - constitute a common feature of defence markets around the world. In the context of the EU and the internal market they have been considered as an obstacle in the effort to create a truly open European Defence Equipment Market (EDEM). One of...

Federal elections may be good for democracy, but the campaigns — particularly the lengthy one recently held in Canada — can be crippling for plans to better arm our military. Just before the election was called, there were public signs of important progress being made in what has long been a...

Federal elections may be good for democracy, but the campaigns — particularly the lengthy one recently held in Canada — can be crippling for plans to better arm our military. Just before the election was called, there were public signs of important progress being made in what has long been a...

Why does the US government and some of its allies persist in controversial defence procurement projects? Using the F-35 Joint Strike Fighter (JSF) as a case study, this paper suggests that a contingency discourse created by key actors in the United States (US) military industrial complex has...

Wenig ist für Regierungen moderner Demokratien von grösserer Bedeutung, als gegenüber ihren Bürgern Rechenschaft über die von ihnen erbrachten Leistungen abzulegen. Die Nützlichkeit des sogenannten Performance Management ist daher unumstritten. Doch während in einigen Politikbereichen die...

The practice of countries demanding discharge of offset obligations as a prerequisite to foreign firms’ participation in major civilian or defence contracts is not new, and recent years in particular have seen a number of countries, both developed and developing, apply offsets and industrial...

This paper on defence offsets reform was presented at "Global Revolution VI", an international conference on public procurement organised by the Public Procurement Research Group, School of Law at the University of Nottingham in June 2013. The paper looks at design aspects of offset regulations...

This Article analyzes the “TurboTax defense” under section 6664(c) of the Internal Revenue Code. The Article addresses the issue of whether reliance on computer tax software may be permitted as reasonable cause in good faith exempting taxpayers from the accuracy-related penalty of section...

The economic and political importance of international defence offsets is increasing and is likely to increase even more in the future. Offsets are currently influenced by the changes in the global defence market, namely the declining US and European defence budgets and the growing military...

Foreword; Acknowledgements; List of Abbreviations; PHASE I ; Chapter 1. An Introduction to Offsets ; 1.1 Setting the Scene; 1.2 Why the need for this book?; 1.3 Global Offsets Obligation and Trend; 1.4 Offsets in International Procurement; 1.5 Key research on Offsets; 1.6 Costs and Benefits of...