The CEE4 countries are among the most internationalized economies in the EU. Due to their high dependence on foreign final demand, particularly in the automotive sector, their labor markets are closely linked to the dynamics of the global economy. Therefore, the main objective of this study is...

This paper examines how offshoring affects worker skill demands and studies its implications for wage inequality. Using Danish administrative data, we find that offshoring increases firm-level demand for higher skills in occupations with high exposure to foreign competition. This effect is more...

This paper provides an integrated analysis of multinational companies’ global production and innovation. We establish novel stylized facts using rich data on the network of production affiliates and patent activity of German multinationals. We rationalize these facts with a heterogeneous-firm...

This (very short) note introduces nep-iaf, a new e-mail service that helps researchers interested in international activities of firms to stay up to date with newly published working papers on firms’ international activities, e.g. export, import, foreign direct investment, offshoring,...

This paper sets up a two-country model of offshoring with monopolistically competitive product and monopsonistically competitive labour markets. In our model, an incentive for offshoring exists even between symmetric countries, because shifting part of the production abroad reduces local labour...

This paper analyses the impact of different types of offshoring and technological change as well as the mediating role of trade union representation at the firm level on the quality of workers' jobs in the EU in terms of atypical employment, which is further differentiated by type of atypical...

Expanding on a general equilibrium model of offshoring, we analyze the effects of a unilateral emissions tax increase on the environment, income, and inequality. Heterogeneous firms allocate labor across production tasks and emissions abatement, while only the most productive can benefit from...

The prevalence of labor unions have declined post-WWII, and this paper examines whether globalization is a contributing factor. Offshoring jobs abroad may change the composition of domestic firms and employment and thus reduce union density. Alternatively, a firms' ability to offshore may erode...

We study long-run environmental impacts of trade liberalization on US manufacturing by exploiting a plausibly exogenous reduction in US trade policy uncertainty: the conferral of Permanent Normal Trade Relations (PNTR) to China. Using detailed data on establishment-level pollution emissions and...

This paper estimates conditional demand models to examine the impact of offshoring, technological change, and migration on the labour demand of native workers differentiated by four different types of occupational groups: managers/professionals, clerical workers, craft (skilled) workers and...

We use Danish firm-level data to examine the causal link between carbon emissions, offshoring, and import competition. Offshoring reduces firms' emission intensity but increases their production. Import competition reduces firms' production without affecting their emission intensity. For...

Background: With global changes in markets and government regulations, most organiza- tions, which previously opted for offshore production, began to return to their country of origin-a process called reshoring. The new strategies for locating units and business models, which involve decisions...

This paper examines how offshoring affects worker skill demands and studies its implications for wage inequality. Using Danish administrative data, we find that offshoring increases firm-level demand for higher skills in occupations with high exposure to foreign competition. This effect is more...

This paper provides an integrated analysis of multinational companies' global production and innovation. We establish novel stylized facts using rich data on the network of production affiliates and patent activity of German multinationals. We rationalize these facts with a heterogeneous-firm...

The CEE4 countries are among the most internationalized economies in the EU. Due to their high dependence on foreign final demand, particularly in the automotive sector, their labor markets are closely linked to the dynamics of the global economy. Therefore, the main objective of this study is...

Viet Nam's rapidly growing economy has created increasing energy demands, with significant untapped offshore wind resources located in shallow waters near population centers. While several near-shore projects were previously developed under a Feed-in-Tariff system, no far-shore installations...

Viet Nam has pledged to achieve net-zero emissions by 2050. This will require increasing diversity in Viet Nam's electricity supply, a transition to renewable electricity generation, and a reduction in the dependence on coal for electricity generation. Offshore wind holds significant potential...

This report distils experiences from established offshore wind markets into key success factors to help emerging markets build successful offshore wind sectors. It is designed to share international good practice while recognizing the unique contexts of each country. The key factors described...

Background: In offshore energy logistics, contracted helicopters frequently transport personnel to and from offshore installations. Regular and efficient transportation is vital to maintain planned activities at the installations. We focus on tactical helicopter planning from a single heliport...

Offshore wind is an important component of Europe’s energy and climate targets, but the EU and UK are falling short of their 2030 installation goals amid regulatory delays and rising costs. Meanwhile, Chinese original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) are competing in European tenders and...

In this paper, we analyse how robotisation is associated with industry output and its production inputs. We therefore link data on employment, robotisation and input-output relations for 15 manufacturing industries across 35 countries. Analysing the decade prior to 2018, we show that robotising...

This report examines the factors shaping productivity in Finland's private service industries. Specifically, we focus on the link between capital intensity and labor productivity, as well as the allocation of labor. In addition, the report highlights the roles of global megatrends, such as...