This study empirically investigates how companies listed on the Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX) manage their earnings from 2010 to 2019. It also examines the impact of Corporate Governance (CG) on the choice of Earnings Management (EM) strategies among these companies. The study employs data from...

New ODI research underscores how women's movements are leading the push for democratic governance and inclusion, particularly in contexts of eroding civic space or where democracies are increasingly authoritarian. Yet, they face growing backlash from a rising tide of politicised religion. Based...

In the pursuit of development and evaluation, entrepreneurship is the key to unlocking the shackles of poverty and unemployment. However, Pakistani students often catch themselves lacking the catalyst that ignites the entrepreneurial flame due to the absence of the essential knowledge, skills,...

Pakistan's irrigated agriculture suffers from climate change due to its high exposure to climate extreme events and the low adaptation of its farming systems. Understanding the human aspects of adaptation decisions in a vulnerable climatic environment is integral for policymakers who want to...

In the current era, this world is facing environmental complications that affect sustainable development and overall environmental performance. This study investigates the role of Green Human Resource (GHRM) management practices, Green Innovation (GI), and Green Empowerment (GE) to promote the...

Aim of this study is to examine the coherence of consumer price indices (CPI) variants in Pakistan using time series data. The techniques of data analysis are descriptive statistics and wavelet analysis. Plots of CPI variants show more frequent changes as compared to the base year / month from...

Pakistan faces significant gender gaps in wage employment, entrepreneurship, and access to productive assets. Women in Pakistan also contend with critical issues related to safety, mobility, agency, and restrictive social norms. This report provides an in-depth analysis of these disparities and...

Mehmood et al. (2023) estimate the effect of Ramadan fasting hours on judicial decisions using case-level data from Pakistan and India. Using exogenous variation in fasting intensity due to the Islamic lunar calendar and latitude, the authors find that Muslim judges are significantly more likely...

The goal of this investigation is to establish a connection between the attributes of listed companies and the effects of the Pakistan-Malaysia Bilateral Trade Agreement (BTA) on Pakistan\'s stock markets. For that purpose, this research is to look at how the Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX) was...

Pakistan is one of the largest recipients of remittances globally and has substantial remittance inflow fluctuations; thus, finding the remittance-gross domestic product (GDP) ratio threshold is expedient. This study examined the macroeconomic impacts of emigrant remittances in Pakistan using a...

This paper presents exploratory research assessing the impact of Anti-Money Laundering and Countering the Financing of Terrorism (AML/CFT) measures on international students from Nigeria and Pakistan's financial inclusion in the UK. It explores the concept of de-risking, which could limit access...

Pakistan's overall national health budget had a high rate of execution from 2016 to 2019, averaging 95 percent. However, execution rates between provinces as well as between categories of spending varied significantly. At the health facility level, execution of spending is notably challenging,...

Organizational change remains a significant challenge in developing countries, often hindered by entrenched bureaucratic cultures and resistance to reform. This study investigates the key determinants of change acceptance among public sector employees in Pakistan, focusing on the Khyber...

We estimate the impact of international standards certification on the export performance of firms in a developing economy using a unique panel data from Pakistan's textile and apparel sector. To address endogeneity, we implement a novel instrumental variable strategy that leverages the...

This paper presents Pakistan's First Review under the Extended Arrangement under the Extended Fund Facility (EFF), Requests for Modification of Performance Criteria, and Request for an Arrangement under the Resilience and Sustainable Facility (RSF). The IMF Executive Board completed the first...

Pakistan's industrial sector offers a significant and achievable opportunity for energy efficiency and decarbonization (EE&D), with the potential to substantially reduce energy demand, generate cost savings, and defer the need for new power generation capacity. Given that industry accounts for a...

As Pakistan pursues its climate commitments, carbon pricing offers a market-based tool to align economic incentives with environmental goals. This note examines Pakistan's carbon emission profile, current emission levels, and their projected increases as the country transitions to a higher...

We study whether commuting barriers constrain women's labor supply in urban Pakistan. We randomize offers of gender-segregated or mixed-gender commuting services at varying prices. Women-only transport more than doubles job application rates, while mixed-gender transport has minimal effects on...

Economic stability in emerging market economies is increasingly shaped by the interplay between global financial integration, domestic monetary dynamics, and asset price fluctuations. Yet, early detection of financial market disruptions remains a persistent challenge. This study constructs a...

The study examines the underlying heterogeneity within the global Muslim consumer market in connection with Islamic branding and its impact on the brand resonance of an Islamic brand. This comparative study empirically examines the differences existing within the Muslim consumer in Malaysia and...

In the current era, this world is facing environmental complications that affect sustainable development and overall environmental performance. This study investigates the role of Green Human Resource (GHRM) management practices, Green Innovation (GI), and Green Empowerment (GE) to promote the...

This study aims to investigate the key factors influencing the adoption of financial technology among digital immigrants and natives by extending the diffusion of innovation theory. A convenience sampling technique was employed to collect data from 160 digital immigrants and 193 digital natives,...

Aim of this study is to examine the coherence of consumer price indices (CPI) variants in Pakistan using time series data. The techniques of data analysis are descriptive statistics and wavelet analysis. Plots of CPI variants show more frequent changes as compared to the base year / month from...

This study examines the effectiveness of a digital financial literacy intervention aimed at improving financial knowledge, confidence, and behaviour among rural women in Pakistan. Using a randomized controlled trial conducted in two selected villages in the Rawalpindi district, women were...

Concerning the National Strategy for "Carbon Neutrality Targets," the decoupling between energy and economy in Pakistan has received significant attention. The current study exhibits the decomposition and decoupling analysis of Pakistan's transport sector, using the nine major energy and...

Lahore, a UNESCO city in Pakistan, is projected to rise from the sixth to the third fastest-growing city worldwide by 2030. This rapid urbanization challenges its commitment to cultural and ecological preservation, positioning it as an international case study in urbanization research. Thus, the...

Servant leadership has been identified as extremely important for organizational performance and success; therefore, much focus is placed on developing and maintaining leaders' positive attitudes and behaviors toward their subordinates. Different servant models have been put out by earlier...

Poor households are heterogeneous in the circumstances preventing an improvement in their welfare. It is important to understand the nuances within different types of poor households so that critical pathways out of poverty that remedy the variegated sets of constraints they face can be...

This study assesses the impact of fiscal policy in Pakistan - taxes, social expenditures, and subsidy expenditures - on poverty and inequality using the Commitment to Equity (CEQ) Methodology. Results show that fiscal policy increased the national poverty headcount and left inequality largely...

New ODI research underscores how women's movements are leading the push for democratic governance and inclusion, particularly in contexts of eroding civic space or where democracies are increasingly authoritarian. Yet, they face growing backlash from a rising tide of politicised religion. Based...

Purpose Artificial intelligence (AI) offers many benefits to improve predictive marketing practice. It raises ethical concerns regarding customer prioritization, market share concentration and consumer manipulation. This paper explores these ethical concerns from a contemporary perspective,...

In the pursuit of development and evaluation, entrepreneurship is the key to unlocking the shackles of poverty and unemployment. However, Pakistani students often catch themselves lacking the catalyst that ignites the entrepreneurial flame due to the absence of the essential knowledge, skills,...

Accelerated progress towards and achievement of universal health coverage (UHC) has become a central goal of the Government of Pakistan's (GoP) policy agenda in health in recent years. Both at the center and in the provinces, Pakistan's domestic governments have now consistently reiterated,...

This paper summarizes the approach used to estimate monetary poverty for Pakistan in 2019-20 at the district level. The small area estimation method is used to impute welfare from the Household Income and Expenditure Survey 2018-19 into the Pakistan Social and Living Standard Measurement Survey...

In the fiscal year 2018/19, 21.9 percent of the population in Pakistan lived below the national poverty line. Since then, the COVID-19 pandemic, devastating floods in 2022, and a macro-fiscal crisis with record inflation have profoundly impacted economic activity and income-earning...

In 2016, Pakistan adopted the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) into its national development agenda as part of its commitment to the 2030 Agenda for Universal Health Coverage (UHC). In 2018, the Government of Pakistan designed and approved a National SDGs Framework to prioritize and localize...

This report reflects on the findings from an internal control assessment of health service delivery units for primary health care, as well as a subsequent options analysis. Together, they show significant opportunities for improved systemic efficiency, as low-value, frequent transactions (that...