The Country Opinion Survey in Paraguay assists the World Bank Group (WBG) in better understanding how stakeholders in Paraguay perceive the WBG. It provides the WBG with systematic feedback from national and local governments, multilateral/bilateral agencies, media, academia, the private sector,...

In this article, we present the impact evaluation of Irûmi, an educational robot-based intervention aimed at developing second-grade students' computational thinking (CT) skills in Paraguay. Our results indicate that the program had an effect of 0.09 standard deviations on the students' CT...

Floods are becoming more frequent and severe due to climate change, population growth, and land cover changes. In Paraguay, floods are the most common weather-related hazard and disproportionately impact poor and vulnerable populations. This study contributes to understanding household-level...

The maquila regime in Paraguay has become one of the main drivers of industrial exports of the country. Since its regulation by Decree no 9,585/2000, maquilas have grown significantly, representing 67% of Paraguay's manufactured exports in 2023. Paraguay follows a path similar to other...

Die globale Gesundheitsstrategie der Europäischen Union (EU) von November 2022 zielt auf eine offene strategische Autonomie im Arzneimittelsektor. Dies wird zwangsläufig zu einer Neugestaltung sowohl der Liefer- und Wertschöpfungsketten der EU als auch ihrer Handelsbeziehungen führen. Das...

The European Union's (EU) Global Health Strategy calls for open and strategic autonomy in the field of pharmaceuticals, which would lead to the redesign of EU global supply and value chains as well as trade relations. As the EU and Germany are seeking to diversify their trade partners, the...

Projected temperature increases in Paraguay are expected to significantly impact public health. This study assesses the current health burden from adverse temperature conditions using mortality and morbidity data, and estimates future consequences under various climate models and emissions...

Paraguay's economy had a strong year in 2023, growing 4.7 percent. Growth this year continues to be led by robust agricultural production, exports, and high electricity generation. Monetary policy was adjusted timely to rapidly falling inflation and is now approaching a neutral stance. The...

We provide quasi-experimental estimates of the impact of reforming public training programs offered in Paraguay on formal employment. The Programa de Apoyo a la Inserción Laboral (PAIL) revamped training program design in the country by offering courses aligned with the needs of the private...

This paper presents Paraguay's Second Review under the Policy Coordination Instrument, Request for an Extension of the Policy Coordination Instrument, Modification of Targets, Inflation Band Consultation, and Request of Arrangement under the Resilience and Sustainability Facility (RSF). The...

Die globale Gesundheitsstrategie der Europäischen Union (EU) von November 2022 zielt auf eine offene strategische Autonomie im Arzneimittelsektor. Dies wird zwangsläufig zu einer Neugestaltung sowohl der Liefer- und Wertschöpfungsketten der EU als auch ihrer Handelsbeziehungen führen. Das...

The European Union’s (EU) Global Health Strategy calls for open and strategic autonomy in the field of pharmaceuticals, which would lead to the redesign of EU global supply and value chains as well as trade relations. As the EU and Germany are seeking to diversify their trade partners, the...

An IMF team conducted a Public Investment Management Assessment including the module on Climate Change in Paraguay. The team identified strengths related to the recent reforms in the National Public Investment System (SNIP) and several weaknesses along the investment cycle that affect its...

Paraguay's economic activity remained strong in 2024. GDP growth is anticipated to reach 4 percent with some upward potential due to favorable performance of financial intermediation, services, and manufacturing. Inflation is firmly under control and expectations are well anchored. Monetary...

The recent global increases in fuel prices threaten the gains in poverty reduction that countries like Paraguay have achieved over the past few decades. Therefore, policy makers must understand the potential distributional impacts of increases in fuel prices to evaluate the implementation of...

The recent global increases in fuel prices threaten the gains in poverty reduction that countries like Paraguay have achieved over the past few decades. Therefore, policy makers must understand the potential distributional impacts of increases in fuel prices to evaluate the implementation of...

The recent global increases in fuel prices threaten the gains in poverty reduction that countries like Paraguay have achieved over the past few decades. Therefore, policy makers must understand the potential distributional impacts of increases in fuel prices to evaluate the implementation of...

This paper presents Paraguay's First Review Under the Policy Coordination Instrument (PCI) and Request for Modification of Targets. The PCI supports Paraguay's macroeconomic policies and structural reforms, aiming at ensuring macroeconomic and fiscal stability, fostering economic growth, and...

"Chinese migrants are playing increasingly large, stratified roles in the informal economies of South America. One of the clearest examples of this phenomenon is in the region's largest informal economy of counterfeit and smuggled goods, spanning from Ciudad del Este, the Paraguayan border city,...

Understanding why women are less financially literate than men is crucial for developing effective policies that decrease gender inequalities and improve women's financial literacy, agency and empowerment. Accordingly, in this paper, we adopt a multidimensional approach to measure financial...

Understanding why women are less financially literate than men is crucial for developing effective policies that decrease gender inequalities and improve women's financial literacy, agency and empowerment. Accordingly, in this paper, we adopt a multidimensional approach to measure financial...

With the debt obligation of Itaipú Binational being completed paid off by 2023, the Annex C of the Treaty of Itaipú, which governs the operation and revenue distribution of the Itaipú Dam, is due for review and possible revisions. The implications for Paraguay’s export revenues and fiscal...

The relative price of locally-produced milk and cheese in rural Paraguay is puzzling, apparently leaving opportunities for arbitrage. Despite requiring additional labor and inputs, the price of cheese per liter of milk is lower than the price of a liter of fluid milk. We propose a framework of...

The Upper Parana Atlantic Forest harbors some of the most endangered ecosystems on the planet. Understanding the stand characteristics of these forests as well as their relationship with soil properties is vital to their conservation and restoration. The objective of this study was to clarify...

Public expenditures on non-contributory pensions are equivalent to at least 1 percent of GDP in several countries in Latin America and is expected to increase. We explore the effect of non-contributory pensions on the well-being of the beneficiary population by studying the Pensiones...

The recent global increases in fuel prices threaten the gains in poverty reduction that countries like Paraguay have achieved over the past few decades. Therefore, policy makers must understand the potential distributional impacts of increases in fuel prices to evaluate the implementation of...

The Country Opinion Survey in Paraguay assists the World Bank Group (WBG) in gaining a better understanding of how stakeholders in Paraguay perceive the WBG. It provides the WBG with systematic feedback from national and local governments, multilateral/bilateral agencies, media, academia, the...

Paraguay continues to recover from the COVID-19 pandemic amidst simultaneous shocks that would lead to flat GDP growth and inflation above the IT range this year. Those conditions are reflected in rising social demands within a politicized environment before the 2023 general elections. The...

This paper discusses Paraguay's Technical Assistance report on bank resolution framework and the deposit guarantee fund. The mission identified several areas where the existing deposit guarantee fund and bank resolution framework could be enhanced. The Central Bank of Paraguay should consider...

After two consecutive years of GDP decline driven by external shocks, Paraguay's economy rebounded in 2021. In 2019, drought and flooding reduced economic growth to -0.4 percent. In 2020, the impact of the pandemic on the secondary and tertiary sectors was partly compensated by a rebound of...

Transportation infrastructure is associated with economic development, but it can also be used for social control and to benefit the governing elite. We explore the connection between the construction of road networks, state-led repression, and land allocations in the longest dictatorship in...