Several factors contribute to the limited use of improved seed varieties in Ethiopia. Among those, on the supply side, is the restricted availability of seeds in the volume, quality, and timeliness required by farmers, partly due to inadequate public and private investment in the sector....

ERM®-BF444c, ERM®-BF444d and ERM®-BF444e are three matrix materials certified for the mass fraction of DP202216 maize (unique identifier DP-2Ø2216-6), produced within the scope of ISO 17034 accreditation [1]. Genetically modified (GM) maize seeds of the DP202216 event and seeds from a non-GM...

ERM®-BF444a and ERM®-BF444b are matrix materials certified for the mass fraction of DP202216 maize (unique identifier DP-2Ø2216-6), produced within the scope of accreditation to ISO 17034:2016 [1]. Genetically modified (GM) maize seeds of the DP202216 event and seeds from a non-GM maize...

An examination of the dynamics of seed markets in Bihar, India, reveals a paradox-despite an influx of wheat varieties bred by public and private sectors and the proliferation of seed market networks in rural villages, older wheat varieties remain prevalent-necessitating a thorough investigation...

According to the EU's organic regulation, the use of organic seed is generally binding in organic farming. Because of an organic seed shortage, derogations to use nonorganic seed can be obtained. By 2036, the EU plans to phase out these derogations and achieve 100% organic seed use. Previous...

The purpose of this study was to assess how multiple expectations of seed systems outcomes, such as closing the yield gap, adapting to climate change, improving nutrition, ensuring equality, enhancing agro-biodiversity, and securing farmers' rights, influence seed systems development in...

Despite having a good scope of vegetable seeds as high value & low volume products, their profitable production is still elusive for the farmers. In this regard, a study was carried out to assess the economics of vegetable seed production and marketing in the Kavrepalanchowk district of Nepal....

Given the increasing number of applications in agriculture of gene editing, specifically CRISPR, it is important to understand consumers' perceptions of this breeding technology. We estimate consumers' willingness to pay (WTP) for selected quality attributes of table grapes developed using...

ERM-BF447a-e are five maize seed powder materials certified for their mass fraction of maize event DP915635, (unique identifier code DP-915635-4) produced within the scope of accreditation to ISO 17034:2016 [1]. Genetically modified (GM) maize seeds of the DP915635 event and seeds from a non-GM...

While some founders may be able to raise financing from venture capitalists without a complete business plan or finished product prototype because of their previous track record and existing relationships with those types of investors, the more likely scenario is that founder will need to find...

Improvement in seed vigor and yield of hybrid maize is required to ensure food security. Optimal planting density and irrigation depth under limited water availability are critical for hybrid maize seed production in arid areas. Based on field experimental data during 2012 to 2017, an integrated...

This paper introduces a methodology for selecting seeds to maximize contagion using a coarse categorization of individuals. Within a large and flexible class of random graph models, I show how to compute a seed multiplier for each category---the average number of new infections a seed...

New production from public and exclusive varieties released by the small grains breeding program at Virginia Tech generated cumulative discounted benefits of $41 million from 2000 to 2018. Fitted yields from field trials were combined with acreage estimates to generate weighted average yields...

This report describes the production of ERM®-BF446, composed of five maize seed powder materials certified for their mass fraction of MIR162 (unique identifier SYN-IR162-4). These materials were produced and certified in accordance with ISO 17034:2016 and ISO Guide 35:2017. ERM BF446 was...

Several factors contribute to the low level of improved variety use in Ethiopia. Among those, on the supply side, is the limited availability of seed in the volumes, quality, and timeliness required by farmers, which is partly a result of limited public and private investment in the sector....

The overall goal of decentralizing seed services is to increase the availability and accessibility of quality seed to farmers. The governments of Uganda and Tanzania have endeavoured to enhance access to improved seed for smallholder farmers. These efforts have achieved results and encountered...

Cross-pollination can be caused by birds, insects and wind. Genetically modified (GM) seeds are produced each year in a controlled environment to maintain their purity. However, pollen from the GM crop can be transferred to traditional crops. When the GM crop producers are in long-run...

Mechanized cultivation produced slightly higher crop yields (average 7.97 metric tonnes/hectare) than traditional cultivation (average 7.65 metric tonnes/hectare). However this difference was not statistically significant. A confounding factor may have been the fact that the mechanized...

The compression ignition (CI) engines are robust and deliver better performance in terms of fuel economy. Fuels that replace the fossil diesel and those result in lower emissions is the research area on which scientist community working on continuously. Locally available cotton seed biodiesel...

A study was conducted to understand the extent of seed damage caused by Chrysomelid Luperomorpha nigripennis in leucern. A total of 250 pods were collected from 10 blocks and analyzed. The extent of damage in terms of percentage was recorded. The infestation was found uniform in all the blocks

This research aim to study bioactivity of seed extract compare with fruit extract of Indian gooseberry; Phyllanthus emblica that use as medicinal plant widely in Thailand. Analyzed the efficacy of free radical scavenging by using DPPH radical scavenging assay reveal that the highest antioxidant...

This paper revises and updates the Campi-Nuvolari index of intellectual property protection for plant varieties (Campi and Nuvolari, 2015). The new index has been updated and provides yearly scores for the period 1961-2018 for a total number of 104 countries, which have legislation on plant...

Building on both the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights and the relevant portions of the advisory opinion of the International Monsanto Tribunal, this paper presents a normative argument on the right-to-food responsibility of corporate actors that own and exercise intellectual...

Productivity and efficiency are key performance indicators of improved seeds. Efficiency differences explain part of the variation in productivity. Improved seeds may affect efficiency because farmers often do not apply inputs at optimum. Improved seeds therefore not only directly affect...

Frequent droughts in sub-Saharan Africa imply water stress for rainfed agriculture and, ultimately, food insecurity, underlining the region’s vulnerability to climate change. Yet, in the maize-growing areas, farmers have been given new drought-coping options following the release and...

Introduction: Contested Futures -- The Agrochemical-Seed-Biotech Oligopoly -- Science and Regulation in Service of Capital -- "GMO Ground Zero" -- Imperialism and the Making of a Plantation Economy -- From Sugar to Monsanto -- The State's Redistribution of Collective Wealth -- Resistance Is...