Purpose Our paper studies a central issue with a long history in economics: the relationship between population and economic growth. We analyze the joint dynamics of economic and demographic growth in 111 countries during the period 1960-2019. Design/methodology/approach Using the concept of...

The dynamic relationship between population and economic growth has not reached a consensus on whether it is positive, negative, or neutral. Using annual panel data for the 32 Mexican states over the period 1940-2020, this paper examines the joint dynamics of population growth and GDP per...

This paper presents the first comprehensive quantitative account of epidemic cholera in 19th-century Germany. Using a new dataset based on archival sources, it documents nearly half a million cholera deaths, along with outbreak timing and population at risk, across 2,685 cities and 852 rural...

We investigate the relationship between immigration and right-wing populism, which we characterize as a self-reinforcing process. Anti-immigrant rhetoric and populist policies lead to a deterioration in the skill level of immigrants. This in turn fuels populist support. Historical and...

Fertility rates have declined dramatically across almost all highincome countries over the past decades. This has raised concerns about future economic prospects. Indeed, fully- and semi-endogenous growth models imply that a shrinking workforce would lead to declining income growth and perhaps...

Long-term projections are the bedrock of any analysis looking at the sustainability of public finances. This paper computes the changes in economic growth in individual European Union (EU) countries needed for government debt-to-GDP ratios to stay on their baseline trajectories (taken from the...

This paper evaluates the impacts of trade liberalization on the marital and fertility choices of women in Vietnam. Applying a regional exposure approach, we leverage the U.S.-Vietnam Bilateral Trade Agreement (BTA) as an exogenous and positive shock to the nation’s export growth. Our results...

This paper demonstrates an approach to the problem of micro-scale analysis of medical service provision in Germany. Research focuses include estimating population dynamics, mapping access to medical facilities and identifying spatial patterns in medical service provision. We applied the Enhanced...

This study examines how demographic changes lead to different household structures and housing choices among different age groups. It argues that the cointegration of demography, housing market, and wealth have shaped housing demand in the country over time. The results have important often...

What sparked humanity's leap from stagnation to prosperity? What lies at the core of inequality among nations? Unified Growth Theory explores the evolution of societies over the entire course of human history. It uncovers the universal wheels of change that have governed the journey of humanity,...

This study is the result of a response to a policy request submitted by the European Union Delegation to Cameroon to the Knowledge Centre for Biodiversity (KCBD) through the KCBD ticketing system. We summarised changes in human population density (2010 - 2020), irrecoverable carbon stocks (2010...

Demographers use microsimulation for studying individual life courses and their attributes; events are specified to be the result of stochastic processes based on predetermined probabilistic rules. In this study, we developed and validated a microsimulation model to reconstruct individual's life...

Demographic statistics are among the most popular data Eurostat produces, and they are important for almost every area of policy. This publication shows what official European statistics can tell us about how the population is developing, ageing, and much more. It provides possibilities to...

What sparked humanity’s leap from stagnation to prosperity? What lies at the core of inequality among nations? Unified Growth Theory explores the evolution of societies over the entire course of human history. It uncovers the universal wheels of change that have governed the journey of...

This report provides estimates of structural (demographic) housing demand at a regional level. Any assessment of structural future housing demand relies on assumptions around (1) population growth, (2) headship rates (the typical household size) and (3) rates of obsolescence of the housing...

Many developing countries depend crucially on open-access renewable natural resources (NR). Trade is generally viewed as hurting the long-term health of NR in commodity-exporting countries. I examine whether trade might be beneficial in the case of population growth. Dynamic general equilibrium...

This paper studies how demographics affect aggregate labor market power, the urban wage premium and the spatial concentration of population, I develop a quantitative spatial model in which labor market competitiveness depends on the demographic composition of the local workforce, Using highly...

Existing nationwide population projections focus on highly aggregated spatial units. The most disaggregated nationwide study is provided by the German Federal Institute for Building, Urban Affairs and Spatial Research (BBSR) and forecasts population at the county level until 2040 (BBSR, 2021)....

We analyze the impacts of three major unexpected border regime changes that occurred during the course of 20th century on population growth along the Austrian-Czech border. Using historical municipal-level census data reaching back to 1880, we find no effects of the dissolution of the...

Advanced economies will face population decline in the years and decades to come, particularly among those of working age. Yet, there is little empirical evidence of corresponding labor market implications. Tackling this shortcoming from a historical macroeconomic point of view, we compile a new...

Housing and health are critical issues for policymakers and the public. Secure and affordable housing, along with quick access to required health and social care, are considered essential services for the public and are key targets for planners. In Ireland, as in many countries, the need to...

Die Annahmen der Bevölkerungsvorausberechnungen des Statistischen Bundesamtes haben sich in den vergangenen 20 Jahren in mehrfacher Hinsicht verändert und bewirkten zuletzt einen weniger stark ansteigenden Altenquotienten. Bis etwa 2010 wurden für die Zukunft immer größere Steigerungen der...

Population forecasts indicate that the world is facing massive demographic changes during the 21st century. This does not only involve the development of the total global population, but (more importantly) will also affect the population and age distribution across countries in a fundamental...

In the postwar period, when fertility dropped substantially, immigration more than made up for the drop in population growth, and from 1950 to 2020, population increased by 73%, double the European rate, in a country with population density already among the highest in Europe. Yet, there never...

Numerous recent empirical studies underscore the adverse impacts of an aging population on economic growth. This could stem from reduced labor force participation and productivity among older workers, or the potential for aging to result in an imbalance between savings and desired investment,...