Theoretical analysis, empirical development and case studies show that room to manoeuvre stabilising macroeconomic policies during the COVID-19 crisis in the years 2020 and 2021 were fundamentally different in the Global South and Global North. The latter used extensive discretionary fiscal and...

This paper assumes two kinds of social planners who evaluate income distributions concerning social welfare, economic inequality and poverty. The first kind of social planner, SPε , comprises averters to income inequality as measured by the normative parameter ε. The second kind of social...

This study provides a comprehensive analysis of poverty trends among older people in the Philippines, using various data sources. It analyzes both monetary and multidimensional measures of poverty, as well as income sources, expenditure patterns, asset ownership, and living arrangements among...

Poverty has emerged as a significant global issue, impacting both urban and rural areas in developing countries. Its complex and multifaceted nature, encompassing profound economic, social, and psychological implications, has made addressing it even more challenging. Therefore, rural poverty is...

This article investigates the political cost of poverty in democracies marked by deep social divisions. We develop a probabilistic voting model that incorporates clientelism as a strategic tool employed by elite political parties to secure electoral support from non-elite voters. Unlike models...

Purpose - the purpose of the article is to compare the impotance factors for high-ed- ucated poverty modeling in the four cultural regions of East Java. Research methodology - using data from the Indonesian National Survey, this study employs Random Forest (RF), Extreme Gradient Boosting...

Poverty is a global problem associated with deprivation; it is marked by the lack of access to the minimum social needs for people's integration and well-being. This work aims to measure the relationships between multidimensional poverty and unidimensional poverty in Brazil from 2016 to 2022....

The modern world is confronting interconnected challenges, such as achieving sustainable health system financing for poverty reduction, amid limited guidance for stakeholders. Adhering to SDG-3 guidelines for good health and well-being could aid in accomplishing SDG-1 for eradicating poverty....

Economic crises produce rapid and sizable shifts in the demand for social support. Means-tested cash transfers, such as "social assistance" programmes and related minimum-income benefits (MIB) typically function as benefits of last-resort, filling some of the support gaps left by other...

This study identifies Mexican sugarcane-planting micro-regions with different productive potential (PP), technical efficiency (TE) and poverty, to propose targeted impact investments. Central to our analysis are three innovative approaches: estimating a Stochastic Production Frontier (SPF) model...

One challenge presented by population aging is how to adjust public support for social care in a way that achieves desired quality of life outcomes without compromising budget sustainability. This study uses best-practice methods of economic analysis to explore projections for care and related...

Mozambique is highly vulnerable to climate change. It faces frequent cyclones, floods, and droughts while having limited revenue collection capacity and social protection programmes. This paper assesses the distributional effects of climate shocks on household consumption and explores adaptation...

This paper examines the role of social protection in mitigating the adverse effects of conflict on household welfare. We assess the impact of a graduation intervention linked to Ethiopia's Productive Safety Net Programme, focusing on Amhara, a region severely affected by the Tigray conflict....

The Indonesian government has implemented poverty alleviation programs, including assistance programs for the poor. Despite these efforts, the number of impoverished individuals in South Sulawesi continues to rise. To address this issue, a statistical method is necessary to cluster the poor...

This study investigates the poverty reduction gains that are associated with access to digital technologies by using panel data based on 113 countries from 2000 to 2022. We address crosssectional and temporal dependency with the Driscoll-Kraay technique, and endogeneity with the Lewbel two-stage...

Climate change is associated with an increasing frequency of extreme weather events, which can severely reduce people's welfare, especially in the Global South. Here, we analyse the impacts of rainfall shocks - including lacking and excessive rains - on economic and social outcomes, using...

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the social security system and transfer expenditures in Türkiye in combating poverty. Social security systems aim to reduce the effects of poverty by ensuring that individuals meet their basic needs. Transfer expenditures in Türkiye, while...

Reducing poverty and improving the living standards of the poor and vulnerable populations in Sri Lanka have been one of the country's key goals. The government has designed poverty-targeting programs with relevant government agencies working to support low-income families. The programs include...

The transition to parenthood is a critical period that exacerbates gendered economic inequality, with mothers more likely than their partners to experience employment disruptions and income losses. This study examines individual poverty risk among partnered indivduals (N=1,237) in Germany from a...

Public works programmes (PWPs) are widely used social protection instruments in low- and middle-income countries. Participants carry out temporary, labour-intensive works in exchange for cash or in-kind compensation. The available empirical evidence indicates that these programmes are usually...

This paper utilises distributional random forests as a flexible machine learning method for analysing income distributions. Distributional random forests avoid parametric assumptions, capture complex interactions among covariates, and, once trained, provide full estimates of conditional income...

Despite high inflation, the real gross hourly wages of employees grew by around 15 percent from 1995 to 2022. In particular, the lowest wage decile caught back up to all other deciles following a sharp drop in real wages. At the same time, the low-wage sector has shrunk by nearly five percentage...

I investigate the intra-household labor and resource allocation consequences of an employment guarantee targeting rural households in India. The guarantee insures household earnings, replacing women as added workers and shutting down a motive for saving. Despite sizable program-job take-up, the...

In recent years, scholars have been paying more attention to financial inclusion, which has been positioned as a crucial component in accomplishing the majority of the seventeen Sustainable Development Goals set forward by the United Nations. Investigating the effects of life insurance and...

We study how minimum wage (MW) increases affect poverty and food hardship in the United States from 1981 to 2019. Applying stacked difference-in-difference models and the Supplemental Poverty Measure (SPM), we find that a $1 MW increase reduces poverty by 0.3 to 0.7 percentage points among all...

In the 2000s, the Government of the People's Republic of China extended basic health insurance to most of the population. In the 2010s, it introduced a catastrophic medical insurance (CMI) program to further improve urban and rural residents' protection against financial shocks due to inpatient...

At the conclusion of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) campaign in 2015, stunting among under 5-year-olds remained a major challenge in South Asia and Southeast Asia, with South Asia lagging behind-a phenomenon known as the "Asian enigma." This paper revisits the issue, focusing on...