As retail management has become increasingly demanding, it is imperative that retailers use market orientation to promote and increase loyalty to their private labels. This can be important in efforts to differentiate themselves from their competition. The focus of this study is to understand...

The rising phenomenon of private label brands across the globe has given grocery retailers new areas for competition and growth. As a result, this has spiralled competition between private label brands (PLBs) and national brands (NBs). With the grocery retail space undergoing various transitions...

Purpose Large digital platforms face intense scrutiny over self-preferencing, which involves a platform provider favoring its own offers over those of competitors. In online marketplaces, also called retail or e-commerce platforms, much of the academic and regulatory debate focuses on...

We study how the introduction of private-label brands (PLs) affects retailers' prices, demand, and profits, explicitly accounting for assortment adjustments of national brands (NBs) in retail stores. Using a detailed dataset on the U.S. beef market, we find that, when PLs are added to the...

Joint ownership of a trademark is, in many ways, the intellectual property equivalent of any general partnership. The General Partners shall be collectively responsible for the activities of the partnership and shall be equally empowered to act in the name of the partnership. Similarly, the...

This study attempts to verify the linkages between trademark registration and firm growth based on the different stages of development and two groups of sectors by using Korean firm data. Two different paths of firm growth in Korea are identified. In the trademark-dominant group, trademarks...

The identification of ecological innovation and ecologically innovative firms is important for understanding the role of innovation and technology in the transition to a greener economy. Information from patent and trademark data offers an objective, transparent, fast, and cost-effective way to...

The recent rise of the blockchain based technology of non-fungible tokens (NFTs) hasalready led to a number of lawsuits where NFTs are alleged to infringe trademarks. These caseshave generally centered around the inquiry of likelihood of confusion, as most trademark casesdo, but have also raised...

Trademark squatting is a nightmare for brand owners and global business entities today. It is also increasing in many countries around the world. Generally, trademark squatting is an act of registering other people’s marks as their own by squatters in other countries in order to gain benefits...

This was delivered as the Distinguished Visitor In Intellectual Property Lecture at the National University of Singapore Faculty of Law on January 9, 2023.In recent years, trademark owners have increasingly been acting very similarly to those they accuse of infringement or dilution of their...

This article presents a mechanism design analysis of the optimal wholesale tariff proposed by the monopolistic manufacturer of a branded product to a monopolistic retailer if the retailer also sells a private label whose quality is unobserved by the brand manufacturer. While prior literature had...

In this study, we have analyzed the impact and evolution of some of the most important macroeconomic indices on the market share and value of private brands. The originality and objective of this work is the linkage of macroeconomic variables in European countries and the USA with the evolution...