The paper investigates the effectiveness of dividend-based macroprudential rules in complementing capital requirements to promote bank soundness and sustained lending over the cycle. First, some evidence on bank dividends and earnings in the euro area is presented. When shocks hit their profits,...

This paper develops a formal strategy to calculate current accounts with retained earnings (RE) on equity investment and analyzes their adjustment during the global financial crisis. RE are the part of companies' profits which are reinvested and not distributed to shareholders as dividends....

Recent empirical studies have documented two remarkable patterns shown by euro area banks in the aftermath of the Great Recession: (i) their tendency to boost capital ratios by shrinking assets (contraction of loans supply), and (ii) their reluctance to cut back on dividends (fall in retained...

In this paper we aim to shed light on the global trend in rising corporate saving over the last three decades and to discuss the effects that the Covid-19 crisis might have on companies' saving behaviour. To do so, we analyse the transition of the corporate sector from traditionally being a net...

Zur Vorbereitung des Jahresgutachtens 20/2021 des Sachverständigenrats zur Begutachtung der gesamtwirtschaftlichen Entwicklung wurde das IAB um seine Expertise zur Konjunktur und Situation auf dem deutschen Arbeitsmarkt sowie zur Bedeutung des Kurzarbeitergeldes und der Rücklagenpolitik der...

We examine auditor independence in the banking industry by analyzing the relation between fees paid to the auditors of banks and the extent of earnings management through loan loss provisions. We also examine whether this relation differs across large banks whose managements are required under...

The paper investigates the effectiveness of dividend-based macro-prudential rules in complementing capital requirements to promote bank soundness and sustained lending over the cycle. First, some evidence on bank dividends and earnings in the euro area is presented. When shocks hit their...

The paper investigates the effectiveness of dividend-based macroprudential rules in complementing capital requirements to promote bank soundness and sustained lending over the cycle. First, some evidence on bank dividends and earnings in the euro area is presented. When shocks hit their profits,...

In den zurückliegenden Jahrzehnten stellten der Bund und die 16 Bundesländer in großer Anzahl Beamte ein. Ausreichende Rücklagen für zukünftige Versorgungsausgaben wurden aber nicht gebildet. Aufgrund des Altersaufbaus der Beamtenpopulation werden die kohortenstarken Jahrgänge in naher...

Im Rahmen der beruflichen Vorsorge des sozialen Wohlfahrts- und Vorsorgesystem der Schweiz spielen Pensionskassen eine wichtige Rolle. Während der Gesetzgeber rigorose Bandbreiten für die Investitionsstrategien von Pensionskassen vorgibt, ist es die Aufgabe des Stiftungsrates die Details...

In der Gesetzlichen Rentenversicherung (GRV) gilt gemäß § 158 Abs. 1 SGB VI eine Regel zur Anpassung des Beitragssatzes. Unterschreitet die Nachhaltigkeitsrücklage den Mindestwert von 0,2 Monatsausgaben der GRV, muss der Beitragssatz erhöht werden. Übersteigt sie hinge-gen den Höchstwert...

This document presents the final policy framework that establishes minimum standards for margin requirements for non-centrally cleared derivatives as agreed by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS) and the International Organization of Securities Commissions (IOSCO). This final...

We characterize the relation between asset structure and capital structure by exploiting variation in the salability of corporate assets. Theory suggests that asset tangibility increases borrowing capacity because it allows creditors to more easily repossess a firm's assets. Tangible assets,...

China's high corporate savings rate is commonly claimed to be a key driver for the country's large current account surplus. The mainstream explanation for high corporate savings is a combination of windfall profits in state-owned firms, especially in resource sectors, and mis-governance of...

We model corporate liquidity policy and show that aggregate risk exposure is a key determinant of how firms choose between cash and bank credit lines. Banks create liquidity for firms by pooling their idiosyncratic risks. As a result, firms with high aggregate risk find it costly to get credit...

We characterize the relation between asset structure and capital structure by exploiting variation in the salability of corporate assets. Theory suggests that asset tangibility increases borrowing capacity because it allows creditors to more easily repossess a firm's assets. Tangible assets,...

We examine auditor independence in the banking industry by analyzing the relation between fees paid to the auditors and the extent of earnings management through loan loss provisions (LLP). We also examine whether this relation differs across large banks whose managements are required under the...

We characterize the relation between asset structure and capital structure by exploiting variation in the salability of corporate assets. Theory suggests that asset tangibility increases borrowing capacity because it allows creditors to more easily repossess a firm's assets. Tangible assets,...

China's high corporate savings rate is commonly claimed to be a key driver for the country's large current account surplus. The mainstream explanation for high corporate savings is a combination of windfall profits in state-owned firms, especially in resource sectors, and mis-governance of...

We examine the relation between the transparency of disclosures about activity in valuation allowance and reserve accounts and accruals-based earnings management. We classify disclosures as being transparent if they provide detailed information about activity in the allowance and reserve...

China's high corporate savings rate is commonly claimed to be a key driver for the country's large current account surplus. The mainstream explanation for high corporate savings is a combination of windfall profits in state-owned firms, especially in resource sectors, and mis-governance of...

We argue that a firm's aggregate risk is a key determinant of whether it manages its future liquidity needs through cash reserves or bank lines of credit. Banks create liquidity for firms by pooling their idiosyncratic risks. As a result, firms with high aggregate risk find it costly to get...

The earnings-related pension system is partially pre-funded in Finland and has currently large reserves. This has roused debate whether the pension funds should take a more active role in promoting employment, growth and domestic ownership of the firms. We analyse the justifications presented...

Im vorliegenden Papier werden die Ruhegehaltsausgaben am Beispiel des Landes Baden‐Württemberg bis zum Jahr 2050 projiziert. Wir zeigen, dass sich im günstigsten Fall die Ruhegehaltsausgaben von heute 2,38 Mrd. Euro auf 4,68 Mrd. Euro im Jahr 2030 bzw. 6,12 Mrd. Euro im Jahr 2050 erhöhen...

China's high corporate savings rate is commonly claimed to be a key driver for the country's large current account surplus. The mainstream explanation for high corporate savings is a combination of windfall profits in state-owned firms, especially in resource sectors, and mis-governance of...

We argue that a firm's aggregate risk is a key determinant of whether it manages its future liquidity needs through cash reserves or bank lines of credit. Banks create liquidity for firms by pooling their idiosyncratic risks. As a result, firms with high aggregate risk find it costly to get...

Federal income tax rules, and especially changes in those rules, combine with financial market circumstances (interest rates) to create incentives bearing on property-casualty insurers' decisions regarding the level of loss reserves to report. These incentives have varied substantially over the...

China’s high corporate savings rate is commonly claimed to be a key driver for the country’s large current account surplus. The mainstream explanation for high corporate savings is a combination of windfall profits in state-owned firms, especially in resource sectors, and mis-governance of...

Pflegebedürftigkeit entwickelt sich für immer größere Bevölkerungsteile zum Regelfall im Lebenszyklus. Die soziale Pflegeversicherung übernimmt eine wichtige Sicherungsfunktion, die jedoch zunehmend vor Herausforderungen gestellt wird.In der vorliegenden Untersuchung wird auf Basis einer...