This short article introduces the German Cliometrics Database as the foundation for an article by Jopp and Spoerer (2024) who trace cliometric research on German history. This newly constructed database of every publication that (1) contributes to the historiography of Germany and (2) employs,...

This book examines the creation of extreme poverty in Eastern Europe, focusing on Romanian Roma, through a comparative historical perspective on its roots and the socio-economic and political mechanisms that have shaped it in labor, housing, and migration. This interdisciplinary book explores...

"This book examines the creation of extreme poverty in East Europe, focusing on Romanian Roma, through a comparative historical perspective on its roots and the socio-economic and political mechanisms that have shaped it in labor, housing, and migration. This interdisciplinary book explores the...

This short article introduces the German Cliometrics Database as the foundation for an article by Jopp and Spoerer (2024) who trace cliometric research on German history. This newly constructed database of every publication that (1) contributes to the historiography of Germany and (2) employs,...

The new Routledge History of Poverty, c. 1450-1800 provides neither a "history" nor a coherent concept of "poverty" and rests on an inappropriate time scale. However, a closer discussion of these flaws enables a more consistent perspective, based on the idea that the interplay of "labour" and...

The Nordic Model is the 20th-century Scandinavian recipe for combining stable democracies, individual freedom, economic growth and comprehensive systems for social security. But what happens when Sweden and Finland – two countries topping global indexes for competitiveness, productivity,...

Children growing up in the Ireland of the 1950s will have a clear remembrance of a metaphysical space or place known as Limbo. For Catholics, though not Irish Protestants, this formed part of a spiritual cosmos which viewed Heaven and Hell as opposite poles, with Purgatory and Limbo occupying...

Is inequality largely the result of the Industrial Revolution? Or, were pre-industrial incomes and life expectancies as unequal as they are today? For want of sufficient data, these questions have not yet been answered. This paper infers inequality for 14 ancient, pre-industrial societies using...

The establishment of Christianity in the late- and post-Roman world caused an economic as well as a religious revolution, but, while a great deal of attention has been paid to the religious developments of the period, the impact of the establishment of the Church on the economy has attracted...

The 1850s witnessed one of the earliest American history. During the decade the proportion of individuals receiving public assistance -- increased from 5.8 in 1850 to 10.2 in 1860, an increase of 76 percent. Previous attempts to explain the increase in antebellum pauperism have been hampered by...

The main goal of this paper to reconstructing the Administrative and Socio-Economic History of Wombärma district during the Darg regime of Ethiopia. That means the study courses the period from 1974 till the downfall of military government in 1991, in which the people of Wombärma district,...

The safety nets in high-income countries before 1900 and in low-income countries today were based on savings and aid from extended family, friends, charities, churches, and small amounts from local governments. Mutual societies and eventually insurance companies offered insurance against lost...

This book is a detailed account of the provincial population of China and its changes from 1368 to 1953. The maps and databases show the number, density, and proportion of urban population in different time periods

Der seit dem 16. Jahrhundert in der deutschen Sprache gebräuchliche Krisenbegriff erstreckte sich bis ins 18. Jahrhundert ausschließlich auf den Fachbereich der Medizin. Danach wanderte er langsam in die Alltagssprache und bezeichnete Entscheidungssituationen oder Höhepunkte gefährlicher...

"Starting in the mid-19th Century, public officials, reformers, journalists, and other elites often referred to “the labor question” or “the labor problem”. The labor question was rooted in the system of wage labor that spread throughout much of Europe and its colonies and produced...

1. Empirical Trends of Human Mobility—Ancient to Modern Periods -- 2. Cross-Border Labor Mobility— Cross-Disciplinary Theoretical Expositions -- 3. Slavery in the New World—the Saga of the Amerindians -- 4. Slavery in the New World—the Saga of Black Africans -- 5. Indentured...

This book examines women’s work activism in Central and Eastern Europe and transnationally within and across different historical periods, political regimes, and scales of activism. The authors explore the wide range of forums in which women sought to advocate for their gender and labour...

This book examines the history of women s labour struggles in Central and Eastern Europe and beyond from a long-term and transregional perspective. The contributions collected here address various social movements, an array of agendas and repertoires of activism, as well as political alliances...

Utilising a variety of contemporary commercial, diplomatic and judiciary sources, Grimshaw traces and analyses how England and Sweden forged the most pivotal commercial relationship of the seventeenth century

The Nordic Model is the 20th-century Scandinavian recipe for combining stable democracies, individual freedom, economic growth and comprehensive systems for social security. But what happens when Sweden and Finland - two countries topping global indexes for competitiveness, productivity, growth,...

I examine the effects of an unearned income transfer on the retirement rates and living arrangements of a very poor population by studying the effects of pensions on the decisions of black Union Army veterans. I find that blacks were 2 to 5 times as responsive as whites to income transfers in...

This paper details the statistical sources, methods and findings that underpin the demographic evidence offered by Johansson (2010) in support of her thesis regarding “Europe’s first knowledge‐driven mortality transition,” namely the pronounced and sustained rise in the expectations of...

The socio-economic and cultural life of India had received a new impetus under the influence of Western education especially in the field of art and science in the later part of the nineteenth century. This was the result of the introduction of Western education in India, with English as the...

The nineteenth century witnessed dramatic improvements in the legal rights of married women. Given that these changes took place long before women gained the right to vote, they amounted to a voluntary renouncement of power by men. In this paper, we investigate men's incentives for sharing power...

The rule of law, understood as ideology and legal rules, is believed to be a competitive advantage of Western civilization, supporting its sustainable development. Yet it can also be viewed as a social norm of citizens who respect the law and follow its commands. How does this social norm emerge...

We question the received wisdom that birth limitation was absent among historical populations before the fertility transition of the late nineteenth-century. Using duration and panel models on family-level data, we find a causal, negative short-run effect of living standards on birth spacing in...

This paper studies the transmission mechanism from family culture to economic institutions, by analyzing the impact of the within family organization on the original design of the public pension systems. We build a simple OLG model with families featuring either weak or strong internal ties....

Background: Nutrition in utero and infancy may causally affect health and mortality at old ages. Until now, very few studies have demonstrated long-Run effects on survival of early life nutrition, mainly because of data limitations and confounding issues. Methods: This paper investigates whether...