This edition of the Employment and Social Developments in Europe (ESDE) review examines patterns and developments of social convergence in the EU over the last decade, showing important catching-up trends among Member States. It discusses the role of social investment in supporting social and...

This edition of the Employment and Social Developments in Europe (ESDE) review examines patterns and developments of social convergence in the EU over the last decade, showing important catching-up trends among Member States. It discusses the role of social investment in supporting social and...

Concerning cross-border social security in the EU, maternity and paternity benefits in cash can be exported to persons residing or staying in a Member State other than the competent Member State. This report presents data on this topic for reference year 2022. Although maternity and equivalent...

An unemployed person has the right, under certain conditions and for a limited period, to search for a job in another Member State while retaining the unemployment benefit from the competent Member State. The Portable Document U2 (PD U2) certifies this right.

This report presents administrative data covering all EU/EFTA countries and the UK.3 Insured persons have different routes at their disposal to receive cross-border healthcare in the EU and to be reimbursed. They can seek treatment according to the rules and principles set by the Social Security...

This report provides an overview of the payment of old-age, survivors', and invalidity pensions in a cross-border context within the EU/EFTA (including the UK), seeing that there is a considerable group of pensioners who have worked in several of these countries or have decided to move abroad....

One of the essential components of the European single market is, without any doubt, the free movement of persons. Already in the earliest days of the European Economic Community (EEC), it was recognised that genuinely free movement could not be achieved without a solution for the social...

Gender equality is a core EU value under the Treaties, with the EU Gender Equality Strategy 2020-2025 delivering on the von der Leyen Commission's commitment to achieving a Union of Equality. The fourth year of the EU's Gender Equality Strategy, 2023, was another successful year for gender...

The Joint Employment Report (JER) by the European Commission and the Council monitors the employment situation in the Union and the implementation of the Employment Guidelines, in line with Article 148 of the TFEU. The report provides an annual overview of key employment and social developments...

An unemployed person has the right, under certain conditions and for a limited period, to search for a job in another Member State while retaining the unemployment benefit from the competent Member State. The so-called Portable Document U2 (PD U2 - Retention of unemployment benefits) certifies...

Free movement of persons would not be possible without the guarantee that citizens do not lose their social security rights when moving to another Member State , be it for reasons linked to work or for other reasons. In order to safeguard the social security rights of persons moving within the...

Concerning cross-border social security in the EU, maternity and paternity benefits in cash can be exported to persons residing or staying in a Member State other than the competent Member State. This report presents data on this topic for reference year 2021. Although maternity and equivalent...

This report provides an overview of the payment of old-age, survivors', and invalidity pensions in a cross-border context within the EU/EFTA/UK, seeing that there is a considerable group of pensioners who have worked in several countries or have decided to move abroad. Persons are entitled to a...

This report presents administrative data covering all EU/EFTA countries and the UK. Insured persons have different routes at their disposal to receive cross-border healthcare in the EU and to be reimbursed. They can seek treatment according to the rules and principles set by the Social Security...

The Joint Employment Report (JER) by the European Commission and the Council monitors the employment situation in the Union and the implementation of the Employment Guidelines, in line with Article 148 of the TFEU. The report provides an annual overview of key employment and social developments...

Eritrea es un pequeño país del noreste de África, al que casi todos los rankings ubican entre los tres más pobres del mundo. Eritrea hace 30 años que no tiene un censo (Jerven, 2013). Eritrea es como un hipertenso severo que no puede medirse la presión, que no puede consultar a un médico....

La presente publicación es producto de una estrecha colaboración entre el Centro Latinoamericano y Caribeño de Demografía (CELADE)-División de Población de la CEPAL y la División de Población del Departamento de Asuntos Económicos y Sociales de las Naciones Unidas (DAES). Responde a las...

Free movement of persons would not be possible without the guarantee that citizens do not lose their social security rights when moving to another Member State, be it for reasons linked to work or for other reasons. In order to safeguard the social security rights of persons moving within the...

When obtaining information on individuals' race and ethnicity, the Current Population Survey (CPS) currently follows the 1997 OMB standards, which prescribes race and Hispanic ethnicity as distinct concepts that should be asked about in separate questions. In 2024, OMB updated the standards to...

Large literatures have analyzed racial and ethnic disparities in economic outcomes and access to the safety net. For such analyses that rely on survey data, it is crucial that survey accuracy does not vary by race and ethnicity. Otherwise, the observed disparities may be confounded by...

The outbreak of COVID‐19 has sparked a sudden demand for fast, frequent and accurate data on the societal impact of the pandemic. This demand has highlighted a divide in survey data collection: Most probability‐based social surveys, which can deliver the necessary data quality to allow valid...