This study presents a statistical analysis of the situation of AMCs, based on the data that is available, shedding light on their distinct circumstances. It reveals that while AMCs boast higher GDP per capita than many Caribbean member States, their economies have had low growth and are highly...

2024 was an important year for gender equality in the EU. In May, the first-ever Directive on combating violence against women and domestic violence as well as two Directives on strengthening the role of equality bodies were adopted. The former introduced inter alia EU-level definitions of a...

The Joint Employment Report (JER) by the European Commission and the Council monitors the employment situation in the Union and the implementation of the Employment Guidelines, in line with Article 148 of the TFEU. The report provides an annual overview of key employment and social developments...

2024 was an important year for gender equality in the EU. In May, the first-ever Directive on combating violence against women and domestic violence as well as two Directives on strengthening the role of equality bodies were adopted. The former introduced inter alia EU-level definitions of a...

The thematic part of this review focuses on underemployment among part-time workers in the EU. The analysis shows that about a fifth of part-time workers in the EU are underemployed, with considerable variation across countries, sectors of economic activity and population groups. This reflects a...

El diseño y formulación de políticas públicas efectivas requiere de información sobre las condiciones de vida de la población que permita identificar a las personas más necesitadas y las zonas en las que habitan. Las metodologías de estimación en áreas pequeñas han ganado creciente...

An important principle of the EU is that mobile persons do not lose their social security rights when moving to another Member State. Therefore, the EU rules on the coordination of social security systems provide that persons are entitled to export their benefits to another Member State. Article...

Cross-border healthcare within the EU can be defined as a situation in which the insured person receives healthcare in a Member State1 other than the Member State of insurance (i.e., competent Member State). Three cross-border healthcare situations are regulated under the Social Security...

Addressing labour shortages and bolstering the sustainability of labour supply in the EU require increased labour force participation alongside combating unemployment and underemployment. This report analyses the 51 million EU residents (aged 20-64) outside the workforce. It identifies women,...

One of the key pillars of the European single market is undoubtedly the free movement of persons. From the earliest days of the European Economic Community (EEC), it was recognised that genuinely free movement required addressing the social security rights of mobile citizens. In order to...

Following the Social Security Coordination Regulations, parents residing in a Member State other than the Member State where they are insured (i.e., competent Member State), are entitled to maternity and equivalent paternity benefits in cash provided by the competent Member State (i.e., export...

This edition of the Employment and Social Developments in Europe (ESDE) review examines patterns and developments of social convergence in the EU over the last decade, showing important catching-up trends among Member States. It discusses the role of social investment in supporting social and...

Gender equality is a core EU value under the Treaties, with the EU Gender Equality Strategy 2020-2025 delivering on the von der Leyen Commission's commitment to achieving a Union of Equality. The fourth year of the EU's Gender Equality Strategy, 2023, was another successful year for gender...

Concerning cross-border social security in the EU, maternity and paternity benefits in cash can be exported to persons residing or staying in a Member State other than the competent Member State. This report presents data on this topic for reference year 2022. Although maternity and equivalent...

An unemployed person has the right, under certain conditions and for a limited period, to search for a job in another Member State while retaining the unemployment benefit from the competent Member State. The Portable Document U2 (PD U2) certifies this right.

This report presents administrative data covering all EU/EFTA countries and the UK.3 Insured persons have different routes at their disposal to receive cross-border healthcare in the EU and to be reimbursed. They can seek treatment according to the rules and principles set by the Social Security...

This report provides an overview of the payment of old-age, survivors', and invalidity pensions in a cross-border context within the EU/EFTA (including the UK), seeing that there is a considerable group of pensioners who have worked in several of these countries or have decided to move abroad....

One of the essential components of the European single market is, without any doubt, the free movement of persons. Already in the earliest days of the European Economic Community (EEC), it was recognised that genuinely free movement could not be achieved without a solution for the social...

Gender equality is a core EU value under the Treaties, with the EU Gender Equality Strategy 2020-2025 delivering on the von der Leyen Commission's commitment to achieving a Union of Equality. The fourth year of the EU's Gender Equality Strategy, 2023, was another successful year for gender...

The Joint Employment Report (JER) by the European Commission and the Council monitors the employment situation in the Union and the implementation of the Employment Guidelines, in line with Article 148 of the TFEU. The report provides an annual overview of key employment and social developments...

This edition of the Employment and Social Developments in Europe (ESDE) review examines patterns and developments of social convergence in the EU over the last decade, showing important catching-up trends among Member States. It discusses the role of social investment in supporting social and...

This edition of the Employment and Social Developments in Europe (ESDE) review examines patterns and developments of social convergence in the EU over the last decade, showing important catching-up trends among Member States. It discusses the role of social investment in supporting social and...

Equality between women and men is one of the EU's fundamental values and promoting it is an obligation enshrined in the Treaty. The von der Leyen Commission has put gender equality at the forefront of its political actions and set out an ambitious strategy for 2020-2025. The 2020-2025 gender...

Eritrea es un pequeño país del noreste de África, al que casi todos los rankings ubican entre los tres más pobres del mundo. Eritrea hace 30 años que no tiene un censo (Jerven, 2013). Eritrea es como un hipertenso severo que no puede medirse la presión, que no puede consultar a un médico....

An unemployed person has the right, under certain conditions and for a limited period, to search for a job in another Member State while retaining the unemployment benefit from the competent Member State. The so-called Portable Document U2 (PD U2 - Retention of unemployment benefits) certifies...

Free movement of persons would not be possible without the guarantee that citizens do not lose their social security rights when moving to another Member State , be it for reasons linked to work or for other reasons. In order to safeguard the social security rights of persons moving within the...

Concerning cross-border social security in the EU, maternity and paternity benefits in cash can be exported to persons residing or staying in a Member State other than the competent Member State. This report presents data on this topic for reference year 2021. Although maternity and equivalent...

This report provides an overview of the payment of old-age, survivors', and invalidity pensions in a cross-border context within the EU/EFTA/UK, seeing that there is a considerable group of pensioners who have worked in several countries or have decided to move abroad. Persons are entitled to a...

This report presents administrative data covering all EU/EFTA countries and the UK. Insured persons have different routes at their disposal to receive cross-border healthcare in the EU and to be reimbursed. They can seek treatment according to the rules and principles set by the Social Security...

The Joint Employment Report (JER) by the European Commission and the Council monitors the employment situation in the Union and the implementation of the Employment Guidelines, in line with Article 148 of the TFEU. The report provides an annual overview of key employment and social developments...

La presente publicación es producto de una estrecha colaboración entre el Centro Latinoamericano y Caribeño de Demografía (CELADE)-División de Población de la CEPAL y la División de Población del Departamento de Asuntos Económicos y Sociales de las Naciones Unidas (DAES). Responde a las...