According to the US government, the Russian government is developing a programme to arm some of its satellites with nuclear warheads. Should the Kremlin acquire this capability, it could destroy key parts of the civilian satellite infrastructure by detonating a single nuclear weapon in low Earth...

With investments in outer space growing exponentially and with more states seeking to develop domestic space capabilities, states should be aware of their rights and obligations under international space law and of the potential applicability of investment protection obligations to space...

Suborbital space tourism is a catalyst for space industry revenue that could reach $1.1 billion by 2032. This study evaluated the influence of the four dimensions of Iso-Ahola's (1982) theory of tourism motivation on willingness to fly as a point-to-point suborbital space tourist. 870...

Over the past ten years, and without a lot of public or political attention, space has become a site of commercial investment and development. Already much in our daily lives depends on growing satellite systems, crowding Earth's orbit, for communication, navigation, weather information, and the...

Satellites support communications, navigation, security, search and rescue and scientific research across the Arctic. The number of satellites is growing quickly, creating opportunities for growth and development. However, the increased use of space also carries risks for national and regional...

Are there too many satellites in Low Earth Orbit, or too few? Why not use a market mechanism such as space launch auctions or orbit auctions to answer this question? This paper contributes to the literature on outer space governance by proposing a novel method of outer space governance: orbit...

Human exploration of outer space has stimulated multiple innovations from both government and private sources. The decision to invest vast sums of money over a short period of time for the moon programs of the 1960s radically increased the level of innovation. Accomplishing this required new...

Humans once again stand poised to institutionally transcend possible harmful economic and social stagnation arising from earthbound limitations by becoming a space faring species. The resurgent public interest in the economic and cultural potential of outer space reflects the convergence of...

What would it mean for people to make outer space better rather than worse? Earth-based intuitions about the relationship between humans and the environment often assume that humans are a source of degradation and pollution, and that the best thing humans can do is to leave the environment alone...

Aim: The issue of space debris (or space junk) is an important aspect of the sustainability of space. If not properly managed, the accumulation of space debris could make some orbital paths too dangerous to use, potentially limiting our ability to explore and utilize space. This study aims to...

Der Bericht untersucht die rechtlichen Fragen, die sich im Kontext der mit "New Space" umschriebenen Transformation der Raumfahrt stellen. Den Ausgangspunkt bildet das internationale Weltraumrecht. Aus diesem ergibt sich die staatliche Pflicht zur Genehmigung und Beaufsichtigung...

The purpose of this review is to give an insight into the development of space activities in the CIS countries and cooperation between them in this sphere, particularly:• to review the current status of the space industry (governmental agencies, space programmes, ongoing projects, and...

The identity and institutional capabilities of the European Union (EU) have changed over the years. As a global player in international politics, the EU has recognized the need to develop a comprehensive space policy perspective. This perspective is shaped by changes in the dynamics of the space...

One thriving but slipping under the radar of researchers economic sector is the space economy. The multi-billion space industries enjoy a constant increase in investment in the recent years even despite the crisis caused by COVID-19. This paper aims to trace the development of this sector, to...

In this paper we challenge the conventional wisdom that COVID-19 and related legal restrictions invariably reinforce a global trend of shrinking civic space. We argue that the legal guarantee of civil liberties is not the sole factor configuring civic space. Instead, civic space is best...

This article shows the evolution of the aerospace sector in Italy using archival sources which have not yet been fully explored. The sector experienced a shift from the state ownership model to a demand-side industrial policy. The historical case of how Alenia Spazio evolved into an innovative...

In this working paper we present and discuss the main directions in the development of the outer space policy with a special focus on the relation between the European countries. The strategic importance of the outer space has been acknowledged during the Cold War and has stayed that way ever...

Chapter 1: Introduction -- Part I: Economy, Space, Outer Space, and Human Impact -- Chapter 2: The New Outer Space Economy -- Chapter 3: Space and Outer Space -- Chapter 4: Human Impact On Space -- Part II: The Chains Of Risk and Time -- Chapter 5: Spaceless Financial Value Framework -- Chapter...

Chapter 1 An Overview of Space Tourism -- Chapter 2 Space Firms -- Chapter 3 Space Travelers -- Chapter 4 Space Travel Agency -- Chapter 5 Space Hotels -- Chapter 6 Space Insurance -- Chapter 7 Legislation of Space Tourism -- Chapter 8 Space Medicine -- Chapter 9 Space Debris -- Chapter 10 Space...

Towards a new legal ecosystem for the exploitation of space / Philippe Clerc -- The EU Regulation for the Space Programme : a new framework for EU Space Activities / Kamlesh Brocard -- Commercial Space Activities in the U.S. : An overview of current policy and regulatory framework / Catrina...

"With authoritative text and stunning photography, SpaceX: Elon Musk and the Final Frontier provides insight into the remarkable world of private space exploration from 2002 through today and beyond"--

"Providing a fascinating view into the creation of CubeSats, this book outlines their metamorphic role in democratizing space exploration. Paris Chrysos and Francesco Paolo Appio delve into the novel world of satellite innovation, showcasing how revolutionary CubeSats have been in shaping the...

This paper situates the ongoing debate and recently changing political narrative around the fundamental principle of “peaceful purposes” as enshrined in the Outer Space Treaty. The origins and evolution of the meaning of peaceful purposes are discussed. Further, the paper advances arguments...

This paper applies a rational action/economic sociology approach to the central organizational theory question of whether action is embedded in pre-formed institutions that are relatively cheap in terms of time and energy, or to what extent action becomes embedded in newly constructed...

The living dead (Trademarks) are among us!Taking advantage of the lack of clear statutory guidance under federal Trademark law, these Zombie Trademarks are feeding on the residual goodwill of and praying on consumer nostalgia. As the Zombie Marks virus is permitted to spread, a paralyzing...

Space Tourism is evolving as a recent contemporary development. And at the same time, even the discipline of Space Law is also not that old and developed enough to be able to define the limits for regulating such Tourism. As such, it becomes necessary to study the impact that such Tourism can...

Virgin Galactic is the world’s first private commercial space tourism company that has received much attention from the international media, business pundits, space agencies like NASA, and the New Space sector’s emerging forces. Serial entrepreneur Sir Richard Branson entered the commercial...

We use probabilistic machine learning to span a new endogenous technology space from patent texts. We then rely on information-theoretic methods to construct measures of technological firm distances -- both fixed and time-varying. Using the latter, we present three sets of findings. First, we...