Based on the institutional perspective, this article examines whether institutional pressures in home and host countries affect multinational enterprise (MNE) subsidiaries' corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices and whether the institutional distance between home and host countries...

This study examines the factors influencing overseas subsidiary top managers’ (OSTMs) honorable non-compliance with their headquarters’ instructions or subsidiary mandates. Our grounded theory qualitative study is based on twenty-four (24) interviews with OSTMs from various industries in...

Management Control Systems (MCS) have become increasingly important for the management of subsidiaries by the parent company. In addition, MCS are influenced by the cultural and organizational axes of both parties (parent company vs. subsidiaries).Therefore, an appropriate balance between these...

Subsidiaries are important in the global strategy of multinational enterprises (MNEs). However, in the face of uncertainty and competition, the decision to divest a subsidiary from a market becomes a critical decision for MNEs. This study suggests that the factors for divesting subsidiaries are...

I study the effects of taxes on parent{subsidiary structures. To do so, I investigate mergers involving Korean firms during a period in which tax consolidation was not allowed. In particular, I analyze mergers through which a parent company and a wholly owned subsidiary combine into one legal...

In a company, of course, it has various subsidiaries, either one subsidiary or several subsidiaries. Moreover, various companies and even their own subsidiaries will present consolidated financial statements. This type of financial report itself is often used to compile the financial statements...

We examine the characteristics of Special Purpose Acquisition Companies (SPACs) focused on green causes. The growing importance of SPACs in financial markets has led to an increased presence of entrepreneurs raising capital to fund environmently friendly companies. We examine the structural...

Based on the data of A-share companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen from 2007 to 2019, this paper conducts an empirical analysis on the impact of Chinese entity enterprises' sharing and holding financial leasing companies on their business performance. We find that holding the financial leasing...

We examine one special focus of Special Purpose Acquisition Companies (SPACs), namely environmental, social and governance (ESG) related investments. By collecting data from several sources on 1,737 SPAC IPOs formed between 2003 and 2022, we classify SPAC’s focus on ESG based on declared focus...

In a bid to incorporate emerging trends and to address the needs of issuers and investors, the Capital Markets Authority (CMA) has reviewed the Capital Markets (Securities) (Public Offers, Listings and Disclosures) Regulations, 2001. The revised regulations, which are still in draft, introduce...

This study investigates how knowledge transfers within multinational corporations affect financing decisions of foreign subsidiaries using a unique dataset on Korean multinationals and their foreign subsidiaries’ employment structure. We document that subsidiaries with more expatriate managers...

Top executives of the parent company often take positions as the directors and officers (D&Os) of subsidiaries. These parent-subsidiary common D&Os have better access to subsidiary information and can exert more influence over subsidiary operations. Therefore they can better identify tax...

We explore equilibrium allocation and efficiency when private firms are listed by merging with a Special Purpose Acquisition Company (SPAC), compared with when they are listed through a traditional initial public offering (IPO). We show that a traditional IPO is more informationally efficient...

This paper investigates the cost of debt of parent and subsidiary firms on the US corporate bond market. Debt issued by subsidiary firms is economically relevant, as it represents 13% of the total US bond debt. I find that the bonds issued by non-financial subsidiary firms are related, both...

This paper provides a literature review in order to capture the state of the Special Purpose Acquisition Company (SPAC) market, incorporating the most recent research from 2020 and 2021. SPACs are an alternative way to take a company public. Rather than going through the traditional IPO process...

Loss of control in subsidiaries as well as significant influence in associates can be voluntary or otherwise but what is certain is that there are prescribed accounting procedures which must be adhered to as dictated by relevant International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs) to ensure that...

Group of companies usually have significant wealth and influence in any given economy and one of the requirements to monitor their activities is through requirement to produce group accounts as dictated by statutory provisions such as the Companies Act and relevant accounting standards. This is...

Firms’ use of SPACs to go public has increased dramatically, leading to market and regulatory debate about their use of projections. Examining SPAC mergers from 2004 through 2021, we find that 80% of firms provide projections for four years ahead on average, with approximately one-quarter of...

SPACs or Special Purpose Acquisition Companies are shell companies, created to raise capital and used by private firms to access capital markets. Using a global sample of SPAC firms, this study assesses their performance and finds evidence of significant positive abnormal returns for SPAC firms...

Indirect investor protection (Spamann 2022) makes investment in most public securities safe even without understanding their terms or the underlying business. SPACs disable this protection by offering two alternative payoffs from the same security, the SPAC share, in the de-SPAC: the redemption...