Road asphalt produces hazardous substances under high temperatures, which polluted the environment and endangered human health. To clarify the emission characteristics of asphalt hazardous substances (AHS), the main components of AHS were comprehensively investigated and summarized. The emission...

In this paper, the characteristics of persistent toxic substances (PTSs) in soil of Ny-Ålesund in the Arctic during the 10th Chinese Arctic (Arctic Ocean) scientific investigation were quantitatively analyzed. The sources and toxicity risks of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and heavy...

Problem definition: Three-fourths of the world's retired vessels, amounting to nearly 100\% of the gross tonnage dismantled globally, were broken down by hand on beaches in the South Asian ship recycling yards in 2021. Apart from the detrimental environmental impact, this business is also...

The temporal geography of chemical inventions: the case of persistent organic pollutants -- Assessing policy impact on organizational inventions: the case of the stockholm convention -- Are we moving towards a toxic-free world? Insights from patent analysis in the pesticide business.

We study the impact of toxic emissions on the migration of corporate executives. We link data on the opening of industrial plants emitting toxic air pollutants with information on the career paths of executives at all S&P 1500 firms over the 1996-2014 period. We find that (1) the opening of...

Several strands of research document the life-cycle impacts of lead exposure during the critical period of children's development. Yet little is known about long-run effects of lead exposure during early-life on old-age mortality outcomes. This study exploits the staggered installation of water...

We study the impact of toxic emissions on the migration of corporate executives. We link data on the opening of industrial plants emitting toxic air pollutants with information on the career paths of executives at all S&P 1500 firms over the 1996-2014 period. We find that (1) the opening of...

A Strategic Trade Atlas was developed to promote understanding of global trade flows of strategic goods, i.e., goods of militarily strategic value, including dual-use goods. This Atlas provides macroscopic graphical representations of global trade flows classified under Harmonized System (HS)...

Industrial revolution has triggered the growth in setting up of the new industries for providing technologically advanced products thereby pushing up Gross Domestic Products, the National Income, employment and bringing a dent in foreign exchange. But in this process of so called development...

This paper suggests that the environmental and commercial features of shale gas extraction do not warrant a significantly different fiscal regime than recommended for conventional gas. Fiscal policies may have a role in addressing some environmental risks (e.g., greenhouse gases, scarce water,...

The objective of this project is the identification of substances toxic to reproduction (in short: reprotoxins) which are relevant for workers’ exposure via inhalation at a considerable number of workplaces in Europe and, thus, for which an indicative occupational exposure limit value (IOELV)...

The allocation of authority to regulate toxic chemicals in the United States should be governed by the principle of precautionary federalism. In this context, the principle of precautionary federalism dictates that state efforts to regulate toxic chemicals more stringently than the federal...

The debate about how to regulate has all but ignored the most fundamental question of all - what to regulate. This article analyzes similarities and differences in the lists of regulated toxic and hazardous pollutants under five statutes the Clean Air Act, the Clean Water Act, the Resource...

In recent years, the increasing carriage of HM by sea has already leaded to one of the major disputes between coastal and flag States. This is because of the potential damage to the marine environment and the socio-economic aftermath. Furthermore maritime accidents (e.g. M/T Ievoli Sun, M/T...

A framework of managing total safety -- Total safety management : why? / Tom Kontogiannis -- Understanding hazards and risks : the need for a common operational picture / Tom Kontogiannis and Maria Chiara Leva -- Understanding hazards and risks -- Process risk assessment : from the basics to new...

The historical evolution of free trade has been accompanied by a plethora of debates, concerning both its positive effects and social costs. During the last decade, the subject of these disputes has markedly changed. The main objective of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)...

Does increased environmental protection decrease the emission of pollutants or merely displace them? Using newly available trade data, this study examines the flows of a panel of chemicals designated as toxic by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s Toxics Release Inventory (TRI)....

Every year, millions of pounds of toxic chemicals thought to be linked to developmental problems in fetuses and young children are released into the air. In this paper we estimate the effect of these releases on the health of newborns. Using data from the Toxic Release Inventory Program and...

Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is being used in fluoropolymer production, as surface treatment agents and for the manufacture of side-chain fluorinated polymers. However, there is evidence that PFOA and its salts have a number of hazardous properties that may cause harm to human health and the...

Mandatory information disclosure regulations seek to create institutional pressure to spur performance improvement. By examining how organizational characteristics moderate establishments’ responses to a prominent environmental information disclosure program, we provide among the first...