This study examined the vertical transmission of wheat price among the main value chain, looking at the pricing behaviour of certain role players in the wheat production/supply and the distribution of bread, which is a major staple food consumed in South Africa. A nonlinear autoregressive...

Die Errichtung von Glasfaserinfrastrukturen erfordert von den ausbauenden Unternehmen hohe Investitionen. In jüngster Zeit ist vermehrt zu beobachten, dass in diesem Geschäftsfeld Akteure auftreten, die sich auf den Aufbau und Betrieb der neuen Netze konzentrieren, ohne selbst Dienste an...

Similar to the perfect one, second-degree price discrimination charges different price for different quantity. Unlike the perfect one, this time the discount is massive, and the quantity difference even so. An obvious explanation is that the customer is a wholesaler, who has a larger demand...

We study the competitive and welfare effects of wholesale price-parity agreements. These contracts prevent a monopolist, who sells its product to final consumers both directly and indirectly through alternative distribution channels, to charge different input (wholesale) prices to competing...

Previous research has found price discrimination in business-to-consumer (B2C) markets, where buyers are end customers. There is limited research on suppliers' price-quoting behaviors and price discrimination in business-to-business (B2B) markets. It is unclear whether certain characteristics of...

Policies supporting investment in renewable electricity have been a cornerstone of climate policy in many parts of the world. While previous empirical work explores the economic and environmental impacts of renewable production, the focus has exclusively been on the short-run impacts of...

Policies supporting investment in renewable electricity have been a cornerstone of climate policy in many parts of the world. While previous empirical work explores the economic and environmental impacts of renewable production, the focus has exclusively been on the short-run impacts of...

This paper develops and applies a novel estimation procedure for quantile regressions with time-varying coefficients based on a fully parametric, multifactor specification. The algorithm recursively filters the multifactor dynamic coefficients with a Kalman filter and parameters are estimated by...

In the Indian state of West Bengal, potato farmers sell to local middlemen because they lack direct access to wholesale markets. In high-frequency farmer marketing surveys we find that farmers are poorly informed about wholesale and retail prices, and there is a large gap between wholesale and...

In 2010, the garlic, bean and ginger became more expensive than ever, which made some people's life harder. In response to such phenomena, the retail price and wholesale price at the producers' end, the retail price and wholesale price at distributors' end, and consumption related data...

We present a simple macroeconomic model with a continuum of primary commodities used in the production of the final good, such that the real prices of commodities have a factor structure. One factor captures the combined contribution of all aggregate shocks which have no direct effects on...

Rice production in most of Asian countries has been increased more rapidly than population and this has been led to increase in supply and proportionately decrease in the real price of rice in world and domestic markets. Furthermore, together with growth in production and national gross income...

Generic drugs comprise an increasing share of total prescriptions dispensed in the U.S., rising from nearly 50 percent in 1999 to 75 percent in 2009. The generic drug market has typically been viewed at the wholesale level as a competitive market with price approaching marginal costs. However,...

Generic drugs comprise an increasing share of total prescriptions dispensed in the U.S., rising from nearly 50 percent in 1999 to 75 percent in 2009. The generic drug market has typically been viewed at the wholesale level as a competitive market with price approaching marginal costs. However,...