This report outlines the main findings of FRA's second survey on Jewish people's experiences with hate crime, discrimination and antisemitism in the European Union - the biggest survey of Jewish people ever conducted worldwide. Covering 12 EU Member States, the survey reached almost 16,500...

This report outlines the main findings of FRA's second survey on Jewish people's experiences with hate crime, discrimination and antisemitism in the European Union - the biggest survey of Jewish people ever conducted worldwide. Covering 12 EU Member States, the survey reached almost 16,500...

*** You can read, quote, reference and link this working paper, but you cannot reproduce or post it in any form unless permitted in writing by the authors ***** The war that started in 2023 between Hamas and Israel is driven by various long-lasting processes, but it also brings to the fore a new...

בליל חורף קר של שנת 1972 פרצו כעשרים אנשי שב"כ ומשטרה לדירה בהדר הכרמל בחיפה ועצרו את אודי. אדיב וחברתו, לאה לשם. כך נפתח ספר הזיכרונות של אודי אדיב, המהפכה שלא הייתה....

This chapter surveys the writings of medieval Jewish rabbis on usury during 1050-1565. These writings belonged to three literary genres: legal, ethical/pietistic, and Biblical commentary. After surveying the moralistic condemnations of usury by medieval rabbis, I illustrate three theoretical...

The new government in Israel is politically further to the right than any other before it. The success of the radical right parties and their inclusion in the government are the results of a long-term transformation of Israel’s political landscape. One characteristic of this development is the...

An innovative historical analysis of the intersection of religion and technology in making the modern state, focusing on bodily production and reproduction across the human-animal divide. In Milk and Honey, Tamar Novick writes a revolutionary environmental history of the state that centers on...

The present study is part of a much larger study that examined the ethics of bribery and the ethics of tax evasion from a variety of perspectives. In this study, data were taken from the most recent World Values Survey. More than 62 percent of the Jewish sample believed that taking a bribe could...

In this paper, I estimate income inequality in Warsaw in the early XIX century. The data source is the 1833 tax census. I compare the income of Jews and Christians and investigate the spatial dimension of income inequality in the city. In 1833, income inequality in Warsaw was very high by modern...

"We're bombarded by daily tsunamis of information. Countless journals and newspapers, hundreds of television channels, and millions of websites on the Internet help us discover how to do almost anything. So why does it remain so difficult to discover how to achieve financial success,...

The book presents the life of Louis Wolowski (1810-1876). Born into a family of Frankist Jews in Warsaw, Wolowski participated in the Polish insurrection of 1830-1831 and later settled in France. Specializing in political economy, Wolowski became a professor at the prestigious Conservatoire des...

The Israeli Ultra-Orthodox population doubles each seventeen years. With 60 % of prime aged males attending Yeshiva rather than working, that community is rapidly outgrowing its resources. Why do fathers with families in poverty choose Yeshiva over work? Draft deferments subsidize Yeshiva...

Liberal political theory has long relied on a metaphor of contract: autonomous adults coming together to agree, by unanimous consent, on the basic structure of a just society. But contract is a strange metaphor with which to explain society. Contract law is based on a morality of strangers...

Can rational choice modeling explain destructive behavior among the Taliban, Hama and other radical religious militias? This paper proposes a club good framework which emphasizes the function of voluntary religious organizations as efficient providers of local public goods in the absence of...

This paper examines the attitude of Jewish law to competition in light of the economist's understanding of the benefits of competition and of the beneficiaries from intervention in the competitive process. The punchline of this paper is simple. Although Judaism has used a whole host of...

October 8-9, 2019, the Jewish holy day of Yom Kippur, marked a unique moment in the history of baseball and American Judaism. Three Major League post-season games began between sundown Tuesday and sundown Wednesday. One team in each game featured a Jewish player as a star or significant...

"Studies of modern Palestine and Israel usually highlight the struggle of European powers for control and the formation of Jewish and Palestinian nationalisms. This dissertation does otherwise. With a thesis centered on the physical "making of a Holy Land," this work combines the perspectives of...

In this article, I argue that beyond identifiable instances of extortion and abuse, the threat of being a chained wife disempowers women in divorce negotiations in a manner that is fundamentally problematic and must be remedied in a manner different than remedies often discussed that focus on...

We argue that there is a stream in the Talmud that attributes the responsibility to one player alone in the case of a joint crime/joint tort, and even in dividing the credits for a joint Mitzvah. We used the game theory to investigate which incentives are provided by this approach, which games...

Talmudic stories are a method used by the ancient sages to teach us about ethics and morality. The stories in this paper deal with penitent (baalei teshuva) who returned to God. It is clear from these stories that it is vital for people to help others repent. One great sage even offered his...

The Talmud is one of the most influential books of Late Antiquity. A crucial pedagogical tool of the Talmud is the use of divine reward and punishment. This paper reveals ten behaviors whose reward, according to the sages, is wealth. These include being charitable, conducting business in an...

Countless contracts have been undermined by the COVID-19 pandemic of 2020 as well as government orders to contain it. Flights have been canceled, concerts have been called off, and dorms have been closed, just to name a few. Do these all count as breaches of contract - or are the parties excused...

In Israel, 70,000 Ultra-Orthodox men are enrolled in yeshivas (Talmudic academies) for married men, known as kollelim (singular: kollel). It is well known that this phenomenon is associated with indefinite deferment of military service, nonwork and poverty. This paper explores the ideological...

This paper studies the Talmudic rule aka the 1/N rule aka the uniform investment strategy on the microscopic scale, that is on the scale of single transactions. We focus on the simplest case of only two assets and show that the Talmudic rule results in each transaction to increase geometric mean...

Rodney Wilson's book aims to highlight the religious-ethical basis of economic actions through the kaleidoscope of` "comparative religions perspectives on economics" (p. 21). The economic teachings of the three great religions in the Abrahamic tradition - namely, Judaism, Christianity, and Islam...

"Antisemitic stereotypes of Jews as capitalists have hindered research into the economic dimension of the Jewish past. The figure of the Jew as trader and financier dominated the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. But the economy has been central to Jewish life and the Jewish image in the world;...

"It would be difficult to examine interest-free alternative financial systems without reviewing the evolution of debt; thus, this book offers a chronological account of the development of interest-bearing debt and contributors offer their take on how the issue of interest has been addressed...

Commentary by Benjamin Netanyahu -- Introduction -- Chapter 1. Why Judea is Jewish -- Chapter 2. Zionism -- Chapter 3. The Palestinian Fiction Factory and the Historical Record -- Chapter 4. Peace Process ≠ Peace -- Chapter 5. The True Nature of Anti-Zionism and the BDS Movement -- Chapter 6....