The Commissioner-designate made a number of commitments in his written and oral responses, which are highlighted in this document, which has been produced to support Parliament's scrutiny of the Commission over the course of the 2024-2029 term, including through the Committees' annual structured...

The Commissioner-designate made a number of commitments in his written and oral responses, which are highlighted in this document, which has been produced to support Parliament's scrutiny of the Commission over the course of the 2024-2029 term, including through the Committees' annual structured...

The report is produced under the project "Building capacity for evidence informed policymaking in governance and public administration in post-pandemic Europe", a Technical Support Instrument (TSI) multi-country project supported by the European Commission's Directorate-General for Structural...

This report constitutes the integrated country report for Greece in the project "Building capacity for evidence informed policymaking (EIPM) in governance and public administration in post-pandemic Europe" . The project supports seven European Union (EU) member states (Estonia, Belgium, the...

This report is the result of the two-year long multi-country Technical Support Instrument project 'Building capacity for evidence-informed policymaking (EIPM) in governance and public administration in a post-pandemic Europe' conducted by the Joint Research Centre (JRC) and the OECD and funded...

This report supports the implementation of Interoperability Assessments (IOPAs), as introduced by the Interoperable Europe Act, which requires public administrations to assess the impact of newly introduced or substantially modified binding requirements on cross-border interoperability of...

This report supports the implementation of Interoperability Assessments (IOPAs), as introduced by the Interoperable Europe Act, which requires public administrations to assess the impact of newly introduced or substantially modified binding requirements on cross-border interoperability of...

The fall of the Netherlands' cabinet in July 2023 partially stalled the progress of reforms. Prior to that, decision-making on major policy issues and reforms was hindered by coalition disagreements, chiefly on migration reform. Unlike previous cabinet falls, however, fewer issues were...

Overall, government effectiveness in Spain remained above average among the European Union Member States (EU‑27) but declined compared with 2019 (before COVID‑19). This composite index decreased from 1 in 2017 to 0.92 in 2022 and has not returned to pre-pandemic values. The index is also far...

In 2023, Belgium's score on the World Bank's Government Effectiveness Index increased to 1.23, compared to a pre‑COVID‑19 score of 1.11 in 2019. The score has now almost returned to the 2017 level (1.24). Belgium also gained two places in the ranking of European Union (EU) Member States,...

Overall, in 2022 government effectiveness in Austria was above the EU-27 average, ranking in the top third, and remained stable compared with 2019 (before the impact of COVID-19). The stability of government effectiveness reflects the overall stability of institutions in Austria and the pace at...

Overall, government effectiveness in 2023 remained similar to the previous year and close to the average among the European Union Member States (EU-27). It also grew slightly compared with 2019 (before the impact of COVID-19). Approved by the government in 2017, the 'Czech Republic 2030'...

In 2022, the effectiveness of Malta's public administration ranked below the EU-27 average, with 0.80 on a range of -2.5 to +2.5, falling below the figures recorded in previous years. Some of the most discussed issues linked to government effectiveness are the alleged cases of integrity and...

Overall, government effectiveness in Lithuania remained rather stable, above average among the European Union Member States (EU‑27) compared with 2019 (before the impact of COVID‑19). The value of the government effectiveness index fluctuated from 0.97 to 1.06 in the period 2017-2022, with...

The government that took office in April 2023 has stated its main objectives as ensuring Estonia's security, sustainability of public finances, implementing the green transition, decreasing regional disparities, ensuring high quality education, alleviating income inequality and improving the...

Overall, Finland's government effectiveness continues to rank above average in EU-27 comparisons of 2022. Its performance has remained nearly the same since 2010, although the score has clearly slightly decreased from 2.23 in 2010 to 1.76 in 2022. It is difficult to assess the reasons behind the...

In Italy, government effectiveness remains below the average of the European Union Member States (EU‑27), but the declining trend since 2019 seemed to reverse in 2022, when it registered an increase (from 0.33 in 2021 to 0.45 in 2022). This result can be partly attributed to the transition to...

Government effectiveness in Croatia has recorded an increase in score from 0.46 in 2019 to 0.58 in 2022, highlighting a clear positive trend. Nevertheless, government effectiveness remains below the average for the European Union Member States (EU-27) in 2019 (before the impact of COVID-19),...

Overall, government effectiveness decreased (from 1.42 in 2019 to 1.17 in 2022) but remained above average among the European Union Member States (EU-27) compared to 2019 (before the impact of COVID-19). France still ranks in the middle, at 11th out of the EU-27 in 2022 (10th in 2021). These...

Overall, government effectiveness increased but remained below the average (score is 0.53, ranking is 22 in 2022) among the European Union Member States (EU‑27) compared to 2019 (before the impact of COVID-19). Although there was a temporary reversal in the trend during the post-COVID period,...

Overall, Germany's government effectiveness has decreased since the COVID‑19 crisis in 2020. While Germany achieved values of 1.5 and higher between 2013 and 2019, during and after the COVID-19 pandemic the values decreased to 1.29 in both 2021 and 2022. Within the group of EU member states,...

Overall, government effectiveness has increased in Romania in 2022 compared to 2019 (before the impact of COVID‑19). More precisely, it decreased in 2019 and 2020 but improved in 2021 and 2022. Although effectiveness started to improve following COVID‑19, several persisting factors limit the...

Bulgaria's overall government effectiveness of -0.27 remained far below the average score of the 27 European Union Member States (EU-27). This is the third consecutive negative score since 2020. The period following the outbreak of the COVID-19 crisis was characterised by political instability,...

Overall, government effectiveness in Slovakia remained below the average of the European Union Member States (EU‑27) compared to 2019 (before the impact of COVID-19). The effectiveness of the Slovak government is continuously decreasing in relative figures, while the absolute value decreased...

Overall, government effectiveness in Latvia remains below the average among the European Union Member States (EU‑27) and has decreased since 2019 (before the impact of COVID‑19). The significant government reforms initiated before COVID‑19 were slowed down during the pandemic. Now, the...