Contemporary banditry in northwest Nigeria is a multifaceted phenomenon that encompasses a wide spectrum of violence waged by heavily militarised yet loosely organised rural gangs. These groups engage in everything from cattle rustling to kidnapping for ransom and extortion of peasant...

Since 1950, agricultural productivity has been increasing even as labourers leave agriculture. However, while average productivity of the sector has been converging, within-sector inequality has been increasing. Agricultural income inequality is still less than overall income inequality, but it...

Many countries in the Americas impose restrictions on Indigenous land transactions to preserve Indigenous ownership, but these policies may inhibit economic growth. This paper evaluates the impact of Chiles 1993 Indigenous Law, which restricts the transfer, lease, and mortgaging of land in...

At the moment, the European Union is facing a process that has been going on for decades (for 70 years now), of the disappearance of small farms, under the conditions of financial support mainly oriented towards large farms through the Common Agricultural Policy. The 2024-2027 CAP recognises the...

Although the policy impacts on farms accumulate year by year, most farm decision models focus on short-term decisions, evaluating policies based on snapshots. Structural changes are gradually built; therefore, farm decision models should consider the sequences within the period under study....

Since the advent of British rule in 1765, the colony of Bengal, once hailed as the most fertile and prosperous region of India, witnessed numerous incidents of food shortages. Apart from the supply and demand side factors are typically associated with a food shortage at an escalated or...

Using updated data, we analyze the long-run effects of two British colonial institutions established in India. Iyer (2010) showed that areas under direct colonial rule had fewer schools, health centers, and roads than areas under indirect colonial rule. Two decades later, we find that these...

Using a 2007-2014 panel of Austrian crop farms, we analyze the effect of multiple dimensions of land fragmentation on farms' production efficiency and risk performance. We use Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), a non-parametric linear programming approach, to estimate efficiencies. Technical...

This is a plan for the final component of the "Experiments for Development of Climate Smart Agriculture" (SMARTEX), which is a collaborative research and capacity-building program with School of Economics and Business (SEB) at NMBU, Ås, Norway and Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural...

This paper focuses on food riots that arise in the agrarian context characterized by food crises, primarily for the rural poor in developing and undeveloped countries located in Latin America for the current century. It is a preliminary study that investigates the connection between food riots...

This study was undertaken to analyze the effect of land tenure system practices and farm fragmentation on technical efficiency of rice farmers under the Dadin-Kowa Irrigation Scheme (DKIS) and made use of cross-sectional data from a survey conducted on 284 rice farmers selected by multi-staged...

Following the 2007 and 2008 global food crisis, emphasis has been placed on large-scale acquisition and transfer of land for agricultural investment to foreign and domestic investors from the global south as a strategy to address food shortages. Worldwide promotion for large scale agricultural...

This paper is about social relations in customary lands for the matrilineal uxorilocal culture of the Lomwe, Nyanja and Yao tribes in Southern Malawi. The study was carried out in the districts of Chiradzulu and Phalombe. Qualitative methods were used to examine local histories and practices to...

Although land and associated property is a key part of national wealth and protecting rights to them is a key function of the state, Africa's formal land institutions often still operate on regulations that barely changed since colonial times, undermining public trust and leading to high levels...

Weak property rights over land prevent efficient allocation of production factors in the developing world. Farmers lacking titles secure access to the land by providing evidence of productive use. The “use it or lose it” principle leads to a thin land rental market and a misallocation of...

This J.S.M. thesis examines whether Costa Rican legal rules in the 1970s regulating renters, sharecroppers, and others who farmed land that they did not own were functional or not in promoting development. It considered the history of agricultural activity and pattern of land ownership from the...

The contributions of Harold Demsetz offer key insights on how property rights and transaction costs shape economic organization. This guides our comparison of agricultural organization in two comparable regions, the Argentine Pampas and the US Midwest. In the US, land was distributed in small...

We empirically analyze the effect of land reform on rural conflicts in 1930s Spain. This reform is a classical example of property rights reform in a developing economy. Despite its prominence, the effects on rural conflict have been elusive due to lack of hard data. We fill this gap by...

This paper analyses the land tenure reform that took place in Mexico in 1992 and its PROCEDE programme (Ejido Rights Certification Programme). It considers the counter-agrarian reform's objectives, the context in which it was proposed, and the different actors involved. It delves into the main...

This study investigates the effects of land tenure and property rights (LTPRs) on smallholder farmers’ adoption of climate-smart practices (CSPs) among cereal farming households in Nigeria. The data were collected from maize and rice farmers in a Nation-wide Farm Household Survey conducted...

This scientific study focuses on the assessment of the legislation on land valuation, which takes place in the framework of selected administrative procedures in the Slovak Republic. The issue of land valuation is regulated in several pieces of legislation and, in terms of content, is their...

Livestock farming and the environmentally friendly management of Alpine pastures represent a traditional form of mountain farming. Grazing and the maintenance of pastures and the Alps are publicly subsidised in recognition of the ecological importance of the activities and because the costs are...

Ökologischer und konventioneller Landbau wirken sich unterschiedlich auf die Biodiversität aus. Zwei gegenläufige Effekte sind dabei zu berücksichtigen: Die höhere Biodiversität auf den Flächen des ökologischen Landbaus und der geringere Flächenverbrauch des konventionellen Landbaus....

Evidence indicates that land rights are strongly associated with several indicators of well-being and development outcomes, including access to credit, resilience to shocks, productivity, and bargaining power. Accurately capturing gender differences in land rights is thus critical for...

Depending on multiple factors and regional characteristics, the area of agricultural land fuctuates with varying scale and speed. These fuctuations generally occur as a result of changes in a way individuals use their land. Human activities, such as agricultural expansion, intensifcation, or...

Since the global food price crisis between 2007 and 2008, governments in developing countries such as Vietnam have paid more attention to food security issues. The government of Vietnam has issued policies to sustain rice land and imposed restrictions upon the transformation of rice land to...