The direct investment flows of Germany since 2018 are remarkable in the context of long-term development and global direct investment activities. While inflows to Germany have been below average in recent years, outflows from Germany - with the exception of 2024 - have been above average. These...

Grenzüberschreitende Direktinvestitionen aus dem Ausland (Foreign Direct Investment, FDI) sind sichtbare Kennzeichen einer erfolgreichen internationalen Wirtschaftsverflechtung. Das Ruhrgebiet ist als großer industrieller Ballungsraum das Ziel von Direktinvestitionen aus verschiedenen...

Foreign direct investment (FDI) is often seen as a means to boost domestic investment and, hence, capital accumulation. Yet, the empirical support for such a positive investment effect of FDI is inconclusive. A possible reason is that FDI is often directed towards the financial sector, where...

This note examines the grants and loans provided by the European Union (EU) and China to the Western Balkan economies. The EU remains dominant in grant funding, with annual Instrument for Preaccession Assistance (IPA) grants averaging 0.8% of the region's GDP, far above the 0.02% of GDP from...

The direct investment flows of Germany since 2018 are remarkable in the context of long-term development and global direct investment activities. While inflows to Germany have been below average in recent years, outflows from Germany - with the exception of 2024 - have been above average. These...

In spring 2024, the World Bank Group and the African Development Bank launched an ambitious effort to connect 300 million people in Africa with electricity access by 2030. The subsequent M300 Africa Energy Summit held in January in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, was a landmark gathering focused on...

Many countries want to move toward the "digital economy," an arduous journey that can be facilitated by FDI's catalytic power. This Perspective suggests that countries should make sure that their promotion, incentive and entry policies are aligned to this strategic objective and it provides...

This research explores whether internationalization and the foreignness of the board of directors, two important international forces, motivate firms to issue sustainability reports in the context of Vietnam, a developing country. This study uses pooled and fixed effect multinomial logit...

The WTO Investment Facilitation for Development Agreement (IFDA) offers significant development perspectives by speeding up and streamlining administrative procedures and reducing transaction costs. Domestic regulatory reforms, combined with comprehensive special-and-differential treatment as...

EU member state investment treaties have been criticized for potentially deterring EU countries from pursuing desirable policy measures. This paper explores whether these treaties can nonetheless serve a beneficial geoeconomic function for the EU by safeguarding EU investments in five minerals...

Using a new database on global multinational production (MP), I document that world multinational enterprise (MNE) sales declined as sharply as trade during the Great Recession. This collapse was driven by MNEs from a few key headquarters countries, associated with steeper GDP declines in...

Mine closure and remediation must be treated as integral to the mining life cycle, not an afterthought. Authorities should enforce strong legal, financial and contractual safeguards to protect the environment and communities, ensuring multinational operators bear full responsibility for...

This Perspective focuses on the thorny interplay between the global minimum tax regime and the global investment regime. Within that 'niche' of a high level of complexity and thus specialization, the Perspective answers the question: how best to minimize conflicts between those regimes.

We link a new database of politically exposed persons with the complete register of firms established in Mozambique since Independence. Focusing on the network of connections between firm owners, we use a generalized event study analysis to show that holders of political office achieve...

El Acuerdo sobre Facilitación de las Inversiones para el Desarrollo (FID) de la Organización Mundial del Comercio (OMC) tiene como objetivo aumentar la participación de los países en desarrollo y los países menos adelantados (PMD) en los flujos mundiales de inversión, mejorando el clima...

The market for cobalt, which is one of the elements needed in the production of electric batteries, is increasing in importance and demand globally. Key players in this market include the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), which maintains a large share of world reserves, and China, which plays...

This survey examines the economic performance of economies of the Caribbean in 2022 and the first few months of 2023 and comprises five chapters. The first chapter gives an overview of global, regional and subregional economic performance in the Caribbean. The second provides an analysis of the...

We use nearly a decade's worth of panel data from European Union Chamber of Commerce in China business confidence surveys to analyse the deteriorating outlooks of EU firms in China from 2017 to 2025. All firms in China currently face challenges including slow profit growth and deflation. These...

This paper characterizes profit shifting behavior across the size distribution of multinational enterprises (MNEs) to evaluate the targeting of the recently introduced Global Minimum Tax (GMT). Using German microeconomic administrative data with no reporting gaps for tax havens, we first...

Commission Decision of 25 February 2016 setting up a Scientific, Technical and Economic Committee for Fisheries, C(2016) 1084, OJ C 74, 26.2.2016, p. 4-10. The Commission may consult the group on any matter relating to marine and fisheries biology, fishing gear technology, fisheries economics,...