Foreign direct investment (FDI) is often seen as a means to boost domestic investment and, hence, capital accumulation. Yet, the empirical support for such a positive investment effect of FDI is inconclusive. A possible reason is that FDI is often directed towards the financial sector, where...

This paper investigates how board gender diversity (BGD) impacts information asymmetry (IA) and investment efficiency (IE), in addition to the moderating role of board gender diversity on the nexus between information asymmetry and investment efficiency in Egypt, motivated by the unclear lens...

Despite decades of global attention, effective climate policy implementation remains challenging, with firms and investors often grappling with uncertainty about potential policymaking in addition to actual policy changes. This paper introduces a novel Climate Policy Uncertainty (CPU) index,...

We investigate the diffusion of frontier technologies across German firms before and during the Covid-19 crisis. Our analysis tracks the nature, timing, and pandemic-related motivations behind technology investments, using tailor-made longitudinal survey data linked to administrative worker-firm...

Using deal-level micro data from the Dealroom database, we construct a dynamic co-investment syndication network to examine the influence of cultural proximity and geospatial proximity between investors and start-ups, as well as the network position of global VC firms on investment decisions in...

Most (82%) Slovakian firms are satisfied with their overall level of investment over the last three years but a substantial minority report investment gaps (14%). During the past financial year, 86% of firms invested, similar to the EU average. The share of firms that focus their investments on...

The share of firms investing has continued to increase over the last few years, reflecting the continued strong performance of the Greek economy. The investment outlook is positive. Greek firms are, on balance, positive above the economic climate, business prospects, the availability of external...

The share of Portuguese firms investing has remained relatively stable over the past three years. However, compared to EU firms, fewer Portuguese firms are investing. Expectations regarding future investment changes have also remained steady in Portugal, with a slightly higher share of firms...

The share of firms investing in Sweden has plateaued after steadily rising in recent years. However, the share of firms expecting to increase rather than decrease investment has further decreased in EIBIS 2024 (from a net balance of 12% in EIBIS 2023 to 7% in EIBIS 2024). Firms' outlook over the...

This unique insight into the corporate investment in Estonia examines companies' finance needs and the constraints they face. The 2024 edition also provides insight into the pressing issues facing firms, such as climate change, high energy costs and the green transition. The survey, which has...

This unique insight into the corporate investment in Central, Eastern and South-Eastern Europe (CESEE) examines companies' finance needs and the constraints they face. The 2024 edition also provides insight into the pressing issues facing firms, such as climate change, high energy costs and the...

The document, prepared under the supervision of the European Innovation Council and SMEs Executive Agency (EISMEA), focuses on the classification and evaluation of green projects funded by the European Union. It examines the distribution of projects based on their sustainability objectives and...

This unique insight into the corporate investment in Cyprus examines companies' finance needs and the constraints they face. The 2024 edition also provides insight into the pressing issues facing firms, such as climate change, high energy costs and the green transition. The survey, which has...

This unique insight into the corporate investment in Croatia examines companies' finance needs and the constraints they face. The 2024 edition also provides insight into the pressing issues facing firms, such as climate change, high energy costs and the green transition. The survey, which has...

This unique insight into the corporate investment in Belgium examines companies' finance needs and the constraints they face. The 2024 edition also provides insight into the pressing issues facing firms, such as climate change, high energy costs and the green transition. The survey, which has...

This unique insight into the corporate investment in United States examines companies' finance needs and the constraints they face. The 2024 edition also provides insight into the pressing issues facing firms, such as climate change, high energy costs and the green transition. The survey, which...

This unique insight into the corporate investment in Malta examines companies' finance needs and the constraints they face. The 2024 edition also provides insight into the pressing issues facing firms, such as climate change, high energy costs and the green transition. The survey, which has been...

This unique insight into the corporate investment in Latvia examines companies' finance needs and the constraints they face. The 2024 edition also provides insight into the pressing issues facing firms, such as climate change, high energy costs and the green transition. The survey, which has...

The share of Luxembourgish firms investing has remained similar over the last few years at around 80%. However, the share of firms expecting to increase rather than decrease investment has risen in 2024 (from a net balance of -4% in EIBIS 2023 to a net balance of 11% in EIBIS 2024). The...

This unique insight into the corporate investment in Italy examines companies' finance needs and the constraints they face. The 2024 edition also provides insight into the pressing issues facing firms, such as climate change, high energy costs and the green transition. The survey, which has been...

This unique insight into the corporate investment in Hungary examines companies' finance needs and the constraints they face. The 2024 edition also provides insight into the pressing issues facing firms, such as climate change, high energy costs and the green transition. The survey, which has...

Investment dynamics in Lithuania have stalled. The share of Lithuanian firms investing has plateaued after steadily rising in recent years and remains lower than the EU average (78% vs. 87%, respectively). The share of firms expecting to increase rather than decrease investment is in line with...

This unique insight into the corporate investment in Slovenia examines companies' finance needs and the constraints they face. The 2024 edition also provides insight into the pressing issues facing firms, such as climate change, high energy costs and the green transition. The survey, which has...

This unique insight into the corporate investment in Netherlands examines companies' finance needs and the constraints they face. The 2024 edition also provides insight into the pressing issues facing firms, such as climate change, high energy costs and the green transition. The survey, which...

This unique insight into the corporate investment in Spain examines companies' finance needs and the constraints they face. The 2024 edition also provides insight into the pressing issues facing firms, such as climate change, high energy costs and the green transition. The survey, which has been...

This unique insight into the corporate investment in Ireland examines companies' finance needs and the constraints they face. The 2024 edition also provides insight into the pressing issues facing firms, such as climate change, high energy costs and the green transition. The survey, which has...

This unique insight into the corporate investment in Finland examines companies' finance needs and the constraints they face. The 2024 edition also provides insight into the pressing issues facing firms, such as climate change, high energy costs and the green transition. The survey, which has...

This unique insight into the corporate investment in Poland examines companies' finance needs and the constraints they face. The 2024 edition also provides insight into the pressing issues facing firms, such as climate change, high energy costs and the green transition. The survey, which has...

This unique insight into the corporate investment in Denmark examines companies' finance needs and the constraints they face. The 2024 edition also provides insight into the pressing issues facing firms, such as climate change, high energy costs and the green transition. The survey, which has...

This unique insight into the corporate investment in Romania examines companies' finance needs and the constraints they face. The 2024 edition also provides insight into the pressing issues facing firms, such as climate change, high energy costs and the green transition. The survey, which has...

This unique insight into the corporate investment in Bulgaria examines companies' finance needs and the constraints they face. The 2024 edition also provides insight into the pressing issues facing firms, such as climate change, high energy costs and the green transition. The survey, which has...

This unique insight into the corporate investment in Austria examines companies' finance needs and the constraints they face. The 2024 edition also provides insight into the pressing issues facing firms, such as climate change, high energy costs and the green transition. The survey, which has...

Almost all (97%) of firms in Czechia invested in 2023 up from 73% in the previous EIBIS findings. Czech firms continue to focus their investment on replacement rather than capacity expansion. Czech firms dedicate 42% of their investments to intangible assets. The investment outlook is mixed. On...

This unique insight into the corporate investment in France examines companies' finance needs and the constraints they face. The 2024 edition also provides insight into the pressing issues facing firms, such as climate change, high energy costs and the green transition. The survey, which has...

This unique insight into the corporate investment in Germany examines companies' finance needs and the constraints they face. The 2024 edition also provides insight into the pressing issues facing firms, such as climate change, high energy costs and the green transition. The survey, which has...

Different methods of eliciting long-run expectations yield data that predict economic choices differently well. We ask members of a wide population sample to make a 10-year investment decision and to forecast stock market returns in one of two formats: they either predict the average of annual...