Purpose - Financial inclusion is a prerequisite for inclusive development. In 2014, the Indian Government introduced the Pradhan Mantri Jan-Dhan Yojana (PMJDY) with a similar objective. The study aims to analyse the effectiveness of banks in the implementation of financial inclusion policy, i.e....

This paper analyses the relationship between financial inclusion and the economic and social development in Mexico. For this quantitative research, a study sample composed by 448 observations during the 2007-2020 was analyzed using fixed effect estimations with instrumental variables 2SLS....

This paper investigates the effect of digital financial inclusion, creative innovations, and green finance on the stability of the national banking system in twenty-nine low-financially developed economies spanning the period 2011-2021. We demonstrate that digital financial inclusion promotion...

The complexity of global supply chains and the interconnected nature of resource systems present significant challenges in ensuring equitable resource access and management. Good governance and an effective financial system are vital for managing natural resources sustainably. This study...

Access to finance and equal economic opportunities are crucial for female entrepreneurs, fostering business growth and economic participation. Drawing on interviews with key stakeholders involved in the legal reform processes, this Brief examines how Sierra Leone made strides in its reform...

As digital technologies rapidly transform global economies, the digital financial inclusion index (DFII) has emerged as a critical driver of economic growth, particularly in developing regions. In the context of China, where regional economic disparities persist, the expansion of digital...

This study analyses income dynamics and economic vulnerability in the Republic of Moldova between 2019 and 2023, using data on income and expenditures from the Household Budget Survey conducted by the National Bureau of Statistics. The findings reveal significant socio-demographic disparities,...

Skills gaps, a lack of funding, and social norms continue to keep women and youth in North Africa from engaging in productive entrepreneurship. Using cross-national data and regional indicators from the World Bank and the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor, this analysis shows how such barriers...

Financial inclusion is essential for economic development, providing individuals and firms access to fundamental services such as savings accounts, credit, and insurance. Despite its relevance, according to the Word Bank data, nearly 1.5 billion adults worldwide still lack access to a formal...

Achieving a more inclusive financial system is crucial to unlocking economic opportunities, reducing inequality, and ensuring that no person will be excluded from access and usage of financial and banking services. Even if financial services are widely available in some areas, others, especially...

Women in emerging economies face unique constraints rooted in cultural norms, socio-economic disparities, and limited access to education and technology. Narrowing the digital gender gap by ensuring access to financial services may reduce the economic inequalities for women in these countries....

This paper examines the impact of banking digitalization in Spain, focusing on the consequences of branch closures and digital barriers for financial inclusion. Using panel data from the Survey on Equipment and Use of Information and Communication Technologies in Households (2017-2021), a logit...

Fintech has emerged as a transformative force in the financial industry, promoting inclusivity and efficiency. This study aims to conduct a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of 1416 articles sourced from the Scopus database to map the evolution of fintech research. Employing the PRISMA...

The link between financial inclusion and financial stability is a central concern in public economic policymaking, particularly in emerging countries where access to financial services remains limited. While financial inclusion is widely regarded as a key driver of economic development, its...

The report seeks to inform how the country can accelerate nationwide integration into the formal financial system to enable progress in poverty reduction, equality, and other relevant reforms under the HGERA. The report supports the ongoing reforms in the financial sector and identifies...

Understanding the business environment and structural issues that limit growth is critical when designing an effective national policy framework for private sector development-especially for micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs). Given the limited MSME data available, this paper...

Amidst the global ascent of financial technologies (FinTech), Argentina presents a critical case for examining how these platforms shape debt relations among marginalized households. Employing a mixed-methods approach, this article draws on quantitative data from the Central Bank of the Republic...

This study develops a multi-dimensional composite index to measure financial inclusion in Ethiopia, using a two-stage Principal Component Analysis based on ten traditional and five digital indicators from 2015 to 2023. The results reveal a significant increase in Ethiopia's financial inclusion...

This paper uses both macro and household-level data to examine the relationship between digital financial inclusion, measured by the Peking University digital financial inclusion index, and income inequality in China. We find that a higher level of digital financial inclusion is associated with...

This study investigates the impacts of financial inclusion, development, and technological innovation on ESG readiness across low-income, lower-middle-income, and upper-middle-income countries from 2004 to 2020. Grounded in an augmented environmental Kuznets curve framework, financial...

Blockchain technology is being increasingly deployed to store and process transactions and information in the global financial sector. Blockchain underpins cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin and facilitates decentralized finance (DeFi), representing a paradigm shift in the global financial...

We empirically examine the causal impact of women's financial inclusion on their exposure to Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) in India using data from the fifth round of the National Family Health Survey. However, establishing a causal link between women's financial inclusion and IPV is...

The objective is to present a proposal for a gender-sensitive risk analysis model using artifcial intelligence (AI) within the framework of complex thinking that pro‑ vides access to opportunities, specifcally for vulnerable populations such as women from underprivileged sections. This...

This study delves into the complex link between financial inclusion-both traditional and digital-and economic growth across emerging economies from 1990 to 2022, using Dynamic Simulated ARDL and Driscoll-Kraay Standard Error techniques. Key findings highlight that traditional financial inclusion...

This study discovers the link between financial inclusion and energy poverty in developing nations, an area often overlooked. Using a theoretical framework, it investigates optimal associations by analyzing panel data from 45 developing countries from 2004 to 2023. Key variables include...

This study examines the relationship between financial inclusion and financial stability in developing economies, with a focus on the moderating role of digital financial inclusion (DFII) and the identification of threshold effects. Using a dynamic panel analysis with a two-step System GMM...

Business financing involves supplying funds or capital to initiate, expand, or maintain a business. This study investigates entrepreneurial funding in South Africa, emphasizing microloans, venture capital, and gender-sensitive grants as tools to facilitate inclusive business growth. Using a...

This study examines the effectiveness of a digital financial literacy intervention aimed at improving financial knowledge, confidence, and behaviour among rural women in Pakistan. Using a randomized controlled trial conducted in two selected villages in the Rawalpindi district, women were...

Digital payments have increasingly been adopted by consumers and firms in Latin America and the Caribbean. This policy research paper analyzes recent post-pandemic data on digital payments in the region to describe adoption patterns, measure adoption gaps, and identify adoption barriers. The...

This study investigates the impacts of fintech adoption, financial inclusion, and financial integration on income inequality in European countries. Utilising panel data from European nations and employing Generalised Method of Moments (GMM) regression models, we examine the relationships between...