Many governments still help to keep fossil fuels cheap - sometimes by directly paying part of the supply cost (explicit subsidies), and at other times by not including the hidden costs of pollution and health problems they cause in their price (implicit subsidies). But what is the true cost to...

Low-carbon energy transition, which includes the replacement of fossil fuels with low-carbon energy infrastructure, the removal of subsidies, and other measures, requires households to be able to pay for low-carbon energy services. Economic shocks such as the coronavirus disease pandemic and...

This study examines key indicators impacting China's industrial sector: carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions by industry, industrial value added per worker, technology advancement in industrial design, fossil fuel usage, and energy losses in production and transmission. China's industrial sector,...

This study examines how policies affecting the cost of using fossil fuels in production influence comparative advantage in the industrial sector. Firstly, we use a fixed-effects gravity model to estimate the export capabilities that determine comparative advantage. Subsequently, using data on...

We examine the welfare effects of removing explicit and implicit fossil fuel subsidies, the latter entailing Pigouvian pricing of local externalities from fossil energy consumption. We map a multi-region, multi-sector general equilibrium model to granular data on subsidies, local marginal...

The worldwide matter of climate change, which has negative impacts on the Earth and its inhabitants, is attributed to the elevation in emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs) caused by the burning of fossil fuels. Due to the disproportionate rise of GHGs in recent decades, global warming and...

The economies of fossil fuel exporters are threatened by global efforts to transition away from using unabated fossil fuels. Producing clean hydrogen, for export or domestic use in manufacturing, provides a potentially major opportunity to continue exploiting their fossil fuel resources....

This study intends to determine the part played by energy production from renewable as well as fossil energy resources towards energy resilience in China, based on the guidelines of the COPE-28. This research has examined the relationship between energy generation and economic growth FDI for the...

This paper examines how donor countries can be motivated by self-interest to fund emission reductions in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). While not solving the broader climate cooperation problem, we propose pragmatic measures that do not require global consensus on future climate risks...

Climate-driven market interdependencies critically influence emission reduction strategies, yet the causal mechanisms linking carbon, fossil, and clean energy markets remain poorly quantified -a knowledge gap impairing risk-aware policymaking and sustainable investments. This study uses the...

The research examines China's changing energy sector dynamics to provide strategic direction for establishing a balanced, sustainable energy combination. The study examines China's renewable energy market by assessing the potential of renewable technologies, including wind and solar photovoltaic...

This study examines the impact of digital innovation and financial access on energy sustainability in China's energy sector from 2010 to 2021, focusing on artificial intelligence (AI) adoption and financial accessibility. Using a panel cointegration approach, the analysis finds that industrial...

The study explores the concept of energy poverty and vulnerability within the German context, emphasizing the impact of rising energy costs and low energy efficiency of buildings on energy poor or vulnerable households. Vulnerability, in this setting, refers to the risk households face due to...

Central Asian economies, particularly Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan, are pursuing increasingly ambitious goals for renewable energy. Apart from China - an established player in the market - it has increasingly been Gulf countries that have been implementing respective projects, particularly Saudi...

We build a general equilibrium model to study how climate transition risks affect energy prices and the valuations of different firms in the energy sector. We consider two types of fossil fuel firms: incumbents that have developed oil reserves they can extract today or tomorrow, and new entrants...

Geopolitics is an overarching characteristic of much of this outlook for the key themes in the global energy economy in 2025. The start of Donald Trump’s second term in the White House will herald new pressures to multiple layers of the global economy, from trade to labour, monetary policy to...

We study the interaction of climate policies and investments into fossil and renewable energy generation capacity under political uncertainty caused by democratic elections. We develop an overlapping generations model, where elected governments determine carbon taxation and green investment...

This study examines how oil supply, demand, and risk shocks, along with geopolitical risks, impact the performance of clean and fossil fuel stocks. Using daily data from March 2014 to January 2022, advanced methods like wavelet quantile correlation (WQC), cross-quantilogram (QC), and...

This study explores dynamic interconnectedness and volatility spillovers among four asset clusters-brown (fossil fuels), green (clean energy), blue (water-related), and orange (technology)-from April 2014 to October 2024, incorporating major geopolitical events, such as COVID-19, the...

China's rapid economic growth has made it the world's largest carbon emitter, creating urgent environmental challenges that require immediate attention. As urbanization advances, so does the energy demand, with a large proportion of that energy being provided by fossil fuels, which has further...

This study develops an open-source model adapted from Python for Power System Analysis (PyPSA), to analyze transition pathways through 2030 and 2050, validated against 2019 national data for Thailand's fossil fuel-dominated power sector. Utilizing 30 km × 30 km resource potential, hourly demand...

Bangladesh's power sector faces significant challenges in meeting rising demand driven by economic growth. Despite achieving universal electrification, the sector remains heavily dependent on fossil fuels, particularly natural gas, creating energy security risks and environmental concerns. This...

As the world's fourth most populous country, Indonesia presents challenges and opportunities for sustainable energy progress, offering a critical context to investigate green human development (GHD). This study uniquely contributes to the literature by employing the planetary pressures-adjusted...

Many governments still help to keep fossil fuels cheap - sometimes by directly paying part of the supply cost (explicit subsidies), and at other times by not including the hidden costs of pollution and health problems they cause in their price (implicit subsidies). But what is the true cost to...

Global Stocktake is an important component of the global climate governance mechanism. The first Global Stocktake under the Paris Agreement in 2023 has clarified collective progress and identified the paths to bridge gaps, but its understanding in the academic and policy communities is not yet...