The advent of Industry 4.0 presents a spectrum of challenges for entrepreneurs in India, demanding specifc skills and resources. Within this transformative landscape, engineering disciplines assume a pivotal role in navigating the complexities of the new industrial revolution yet pose challenges...

Industry 4.0 is the realization of digital transformation including enhanced productivity and flexibility due to real-time decision-making, which is possible due to the high-speed internet, the internet of things, and smart machines capable of autonomously exchanging information, triggering...

This chapter reviews the data and literature on gender, race and ethnicity differences in research funding in the United States and Europe. The gender gap in research funding has closed at the National Science Foundation and National Institutes of Health in the United States and substantially...

Engineering schools and higher education institutions need to rethink their curricula in light of these findings. With the current curriculum challenges, the report suggests new measures that will aid education development. Goals, analysis, content, policy, content, evaluation methods, and...

Development in any country is impossible if reliable and affordable energy, safe water and sanitation, as well as telecommunication facilities, are not easily accessible. Artificial intelligence and machine learning techniques are now widely used in all branches of engineering to build and...

Acknowledgements -- Statement of Authorship -- Chapter 1 Introduction to Gender Diversity in Engineering -- Chapter 2 Experience of High School Students and Engineering Student Recruitment -- Chapter 3 Gender Differences in Undergraduate Engineering -- Chapter 4 Multi-Campus Exploration of...

Stochastic Optimization Methods -- Solution of Stochastic Linear Programs by Discretization Methods -- Optimal Control under Stochastic Uncertainty -- Random Search Procedures for Global Optimization -- Controlled Random Search under Uncertainty -- Controlled Random Search Procedures for Global...

As Engineering Education Research (EER) develops as a discipline it is necessary for EER scholars to contribute to the development of learning theory rather than simply being informed by it. It has been suggested that to do this effectively will require partnerships between Engineering scholars...

This paper is about improving employability skills among youth, particularly among engineering students. It focusses on the skills required by industry, particularly the IT industry, and ways and means to develop those required skills among the students to make them more employable. It tries to...

The most productive way to engage society as a whole with issues of sustainability is to involve them in the development and execution of the solutions. Pragmatic Engineering and Lifestyle draws together international experts from engineering and architecture to disclose the latest insights into...

Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) education, its importance, and its difficulties have been defined. This chapter seeks to present the digital tools that have been used during the pandemic period and that have been focused on promoting STEM education at different levels....

Due to the unprecedented change in science and technological advancement, strengthening of STEM Education in the Philippines becomes an important goal under the K to 12 Curriculum aimed to produce 21st century and globally competitive learners. The educational reform was implemented even in...

Organizations struggle to comply with legal requirements as well as customers’ calls for better data protection. On the implementation level, incorporation of privacy protections in products and services depends on the commitment of the engineers who design them. We interviewed six senior...

This paper studies the effects of university STEM education on innovation and labor market outcomes by exploiting a change in enrollment requirements in Italian STEM majors. University-level scientific education had two direct effects on the development of patents by students who had acquired a...

Young workers typically enter the professional labor market only after completing higher education. We investigate how earlier professional work experience affects skilled worker development. In a field experiment, 1,787 Engineering majors were randomly assigned to 6-month work terms to begin...

Prior research has shown that immigrants make important contributions to US innovation and are more likely than natives to become entrepreneurs. However, there is little evidence on how foreign and native high-skilled workers differ prior to entering the workforce. Moreover, little attention has...

Substantial earnings differences exist across majors with the majors that pay well also having lower grades and higher workloads. We show that the harsher grading policies in STEM courses disproportionately affect women. To show this, we estimate a model of student demand courses and optimal...

This paper studies the effects of university STEM education on innovation and labor market outcomes by exploiting a change in enrollment requirements in Italian STEM majors. University-level scientific education had two direct effects on the development of patents by students who had acquired a...

Prior research has shown that immigrants make important contributions to US innovation and are more likely than natives to become entrepreneurs. However, there is little evidence on how foreign and native high-skilled workers differ prior to entering the workforce. Moreover, little attention has...

Young workers typically enter the professional labor market only after completing higher education. We investigate how earlier professional work experience affects skilled worker development. In a field experiment, 1,787 Engineering majors were randomly assigned to 6-month work terms to begin...