Job displacement causes large and persistent earnings losses. We document that these losses exhibit a U shape over the life cycle: young and old workers experience greater drops than mid-career workers. We develop a simple search model with human capital accumulation and deterioration that...

It is well established that job displacement leads to large and persistent earnings losses, but the reasons for these long-term losses remain unclear. A leading theory ties earnings losses to the demand laid-off workers face for their industry-specific human capital, yet evidence in support of...

The paper examines the early integration of Ukrainian refugee students into Italy's education system following the Russian Federation's full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022. Using administrative and survey data, the study presents enrollment trends, academic performance, and barriers to...

This paper investigates the impact of South Korea's rapid robotization, driven by the country's proactive robotization policies, on subjective well-being using individual and householdlevel panel data. We measure individual exposure to robotization by estimating the probability that individuals...

It is well established that job displacement leads to large and persistent earnings losses, but the reasons for these long-term losses remain unclear. A leading theory ties earnings losses to the demand laid-off workers face for their industry-specific human capital, yet evidence in support of...

Using linked employer-employee data combined with administrative data on debt enforcement, we analyze the impact of job loss on debt problems in Finland, where even 50% of income may be subject to wage garnishment for up to 25 years. Our results show that job loss, defined by plant closures and...

Turkish migration to Western Europe, particularly Germany, has been driven by economic aspirations and socio-political conflicts. Since 2013, a new wave of highly skilled young Turks has migrated to Western states due to political instability. At the same time, a concerning trend emerging in...

We analyze the full distribution of displaced workers' earnings losses using a new method that combines matching and synthetic control group approaches at the individual level. We find that the distribution of earnings losses is highly skewed. Average losses, as estimated by conventional event...

I examine whether individuals' subjective unemployment expectations and self-insurance behavior are systematically related to unemployment experiences within their social networks. Using a combination of survey-elicited subjective unemployment expectations and Danish administrative data, I...

We use US longitudinal survey data to examine the role of performance pay (other than profit sharing) in worker quit decisions. We argue that performance pay should increasingly be viewed as an indicator of an internal labor market rather than of a simple contemporaneous incentive. Suggestive of...

This study examines the effects of unemployment on bitterness, which describes a feeling of not having achieved what one deserves compared to others. Pooled OLS and fixed effects estimates reveal a positive association between unemployment and bitterness. To identify the causal effect of...

Firms differ in the extent to which they use variable pay. Using U.S. employeeemployer matched data on variable pay from Glassdoor, we document such dispersion and find workers are exposed to firm-level shocks through variable pay. Credit rating downgrades from investment to speculative grade,...

We use a novel large-scale survey of firms, implemented in Denmark in 2021 and linked to administrative data, to study why firms lay off workers instead of cutting wages. Our questions on layoffs, wage cuts, and the link between them provide new insights into firms' strategies for adjusting...

We analyze the full distribution of displaced workers’ earnings losses using a new method that combines matching and synthetic control group approaches at the individual level. We find that the distribution of earnings losses is highly skewed. Average losses, as estimated by conventional event...

The transition to a low-carbon economy requires a contraction of fossil fuel sectors, raising questions about the labor market costs of reallocation. We study the 2014 oil price shock as a natural experiment to examine the contraction of Norway’s oil industry. Using matched employer–employee...

We study the effects of corporate acquisitions on workers using Swedish administrative data and document substantial, persistent earnings losses following acquisitions. These losses reflect both displacement and wage cuts among stayers from target firms. We find no evidence that increased...

This study investigates the impact of state-level Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification (WARN) Acts on advance notice and post-displacement labor market outcomes for U.S. workers from 1993 to 2019. State WARN adoption increases the likelihood of receiving 30+ days of notice by about 4...

Are furlough schemes useful under normal business cycle conditions? We address this question using administrative data from Finland, where such a scheme has long existed, and a model of firm dynamics with hiring and layoff costs, frictional unemployment, and firm-level wage rigidity. Furloughs...

We provide new evidence that short-run temperature shocks affect unemployment dynamics. Linking daily weather data with three decades of Current Population Survey microdata, we show that cold, but not hot, temperatures significantly increase unemployment risk. This effect is concentrated in...

To estimate the causal effect of employment protection on firms’ worker selection, we study apolicychangethatreduced dismissalcosts fortheemployersof overatenth of Sweden’s workforce. Our difference-in-differences analysis of firms’ hiring uses individual ability mea-sures including...

This paper studies the labor market impact of structural change by distinguishing between industry- and occupation-based measures of manufacturing and service employment. Using German data from 1975-2019, we find that 67% of manufacturing jobs lost in manufacturing industries are offset by new...

Using German survey data, we estimate the determinants of employee quits examining the roles of performance appraisal and performance pay. We show that employees subject to performance appraisals are less likely to quit. Yet, this influence depends upon the financial consequences that flow from...