We exploit a historical experiment that occurred in Czechoslovakia after World War Two to study the drivers of social capital accumulation in an extremely unfavorable environment. Between 1945 and 1948, the Sudetenland became the scene of ethnic cleansing, with the expulsion of nearly three...

Curricula impart knowledge, instill values, and shape collective memory. Despite growing public funding for religious schools through U.S. school choice programs, little is known about what they teach. We examine textbooks from public schools, religious private schools, and home schools,...

*** You can read, quote, reference and link this working paper, but you cannot reproduce or post it in any form unless permitted in writing by the authors ***** The war that started in 2023 between Hamas and Israel is driven by various long-lasting processes, but it also brings to the fore a new...

Our recent article on "The Road to Gaza" examined the history of the three supreme-God churches and the growing role of their militias in armed conflicts and wars around the world. The present paper situates these militia wars in the broader vista of the capitalist mode of power. Focusing...

The church tax revenue in 2022 was estimated at 13 billion euros. This is an increase of around 300 million euros compared to 2021. The Catholic Church accounted for around 6.8 billion euros in 2022, and the Protestant Church around 6.2 billion euros. However, further increases are likely to be...

Die Kirchen und ihre Einrichtungen beschäftigen 1,8 Millionen Arbeitnehmer*innen. Sie betreiben zahlreiche Einrichtungen der Wohlfahrtspflege und sind nach wie vor für viele Menschen eine moralische Institution. Doch wichtige Teile des Arbeitsrechts finden hier nur eingeschränkt Anwendung....

Over the past decade, technology has greatly impacted our lives. Smartphones, tablets, and laptops have become an integral part of our daily lives. While it can be hard to keep up with world events, church technology can provide helpful tools for ministry. As churches adapt to this new way, they...

Social action begins in the Church informed by God's Word and empowered by God's spirit. The study resolved the correlation between the cognitive and affective attitudes of the Catholic youth toward the Catholic Church and their behavioural intention to help the social action of the Church in...

The subject of sustainable development and its impact on the marketing of religious tourism is one of the issues of tourism importance as it embodies the factors of communication and communication with the diverse cultures of peoples. Sustainable tourism development can be defined as the...

In 1790, the Revolutionary government expropriated most property owned by the Church and its entities, and sold it by auction. This effectively ended the centuries-old participation of the Church in wine production in France. Focusing on Burgundy, this article sketches the contours of the sale...

United States tax law provides churches with extra benefits and robust protection from IRS enforcement actions. Churches and religious organizations are automatically exempt from the income tax without needing to apply to be so recognized and without needing to file a tax return. Beyond that,...

The article deals with the ideological and political aspects of the relations between the Russian Orthodox Church and the Patriarchate of Constantinople in the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries. The Russian imperial idea was strongly influenced by the idea of Orthodox...

The church tax revenue in 2022 was estimated at 13 billion euros. This is an increase of around 300 million euros compared to 2021. The Catholic Church accounted for around 6.8 billion euros in 2022, and the Protestant Church around 6.2 billion euros. However, further increases are likely to be...

Many of the greatest minds in psychology have tried to unravel the mysteries, power, appeal, and consequences of religion. The task of understanding human behaviour will never be complete without the use of science and logic to examine the psychology of religion and spirituality. This...

Curricula impart knowledge, instill values, and shape collective memory. Despite growing public funding for religious schools through U.S. school choice programs, little is known about what they teach. We examine textbooks from public schools, religious private schools, and home schools,...

Kirchliche Arbeitgeber diskriminieren ihre Beschäftigten und Bewerber nach Merkmalen, nach denen andere Arbeitsgeber es nicht dürfen und meist auch nicht mehr wollen. Denn die Kirchen schaden sich damit vor allem selbst, während die Diskriminierten inzwischen anderswo willkommen sind und gute...

This article explores religion’s contribution to the cultural capital of the modern market economy. Networks of Church and State that originated in premodern times played an important role as conduits for the transmission of cultural values that have endured into the present and set the...

We analyze the effect of state visits by the Catholic pope on human rights in the host country to understand how a small theocracy like the Vatican can exert disproportionate political influence in international politics. Our theoretical model of the strategic interaction between the Catholic...

The establishment of Christianity in the late- and post-Roman world caused an economic as well as a religious revolution, but, while a great deal of attention has been paid to the religious developments of the period, the impact of the establishment of the Church on the economy has attracted...

This article explores the contribution of religion to the cultural capital of the modern market economy. Networks of church and state that originated in premodern times played an important role as conduits for the transmission of cultural values that have endured into the present and set the...

A large gap in our Tax Code allows certain religious organizations to amass extraordinary riches while preying on the faithful. Their conduct is causing damage to the church as an institution and is inconsistent with the purpose of tax exemptions—to provide a public good. This Essay proposes...

This paper investigates the influence of the Orthodox Church network in Post-Soviet Russia on individual political preferences and election results. I use the numbers of monks and nuns from Orthodox monasteries operated in the Russian Empire before the Revolution as historical religious markers...

Networks of Church and State that originated in premodern times played an important role as conduits for the transmission of cultural values that have endured into the present and set the economic history of China apart from that of Europe. The imprints of those networks, which preceded the...

In this policy brief, Robert C. Blitt explores how the Kremlin continues to deepen its reliance on the Russian Orthodox Church-Moscow Patriarchate (ROC) as a lever of soft power in Russian foreign policy. Constitutional amendments ratified in July 2020 suggest that this church-state partnership...

Although the antecedents to modern-day taxation systems are embedded in the annals of western civilization, tax exemption for churches and charitable organizations, on the other hand, have a long history that dates back to the ancient Egyptian, Persian and Babylonian civilizations. Priests and...