We utilize region-day variation in actual vs. forecasted weather conditions (i.e. forecasting errors) to comprehensively investigate the effects of the first heat-health warning system in Japan. We find that heat alerts led to a 17% increase in heat stroke counts. An analysis of mechanisms...

To support the green transition in the automotive sector, the EU has introduced CO2 emission performance standards, also known as the excess emissions premium (EEP) regulation, which will tighten until 2035. Manufacturers exceeding their average fleet emission targets must pay a penalty. The...

This paper shows that even moderate air pollution levels, such as those in Europe, harm the economy by reducing firm performance. Using monthly firm-level data from France, we estimate the causal impact of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) on sales and worker absenteeism. Leveraging exogenous...

Artificial intelligence (AI) is crucial in achieving the carbon peak and neutrality goals and mitigating climate change. Although previous studies have explored cross-sectional differences in corporate carbon emissions, temporal heterogeneities in firm lifecycles have been overlooked. Therefore,...

Livestock plays a critical economic and social role both globally and in the Eastern and Southern Africa region. The livestock sector encompasses a variety of species, with cattle being the most prominent in the region. Livestock systems in the region comprise large and small farms. Often, and...

The role of permanent carbon dioxide removal (CDR) from the atmosphere is currently the subject of intensive discussion within the context of developing a new EU emis­sions reduction target for 2040 and a German long-term strategy on negative emissions. At the same time, a short-term strategy...

This study offers the first analysis of environmental and climate inequalities at the census tract level in Italy, providing valuable insights into spatial patterns of environmental and social vulnerability. The results highlight significant environmental inequality related to exposure to air...

This study examines key indicators impacting China's industrial sector: carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions by industry, industrial value added per worker, technology advancement in industrial design, fossil fuel usage, and energy losses in production and transmission. China's industrial sector,...

This study investigates the effect of electricity consumption on air pollution in Türkiye at the provincial level through spatial analyses. Using SO2 and PM10 measurements as indicators of air pollution, this study incorporates income, population density, and electricity consumption as...

Climate change indicators are a measurable and acceptable method of collecting evidence of changes in the Earth’s climate throughout time. Thus, climate change indicators capture the total impact of climate change on all economic activities and their participants. These indicators are used by...

The Air Quality Index (AQI) is a key indicator for assessing air quality and its associated health impacts. Accurate AQI calculations are crucial for reliable air quality assessments, but outliers in air quality data can distort these calculations, leading to inaccurate predictions. This paper...

This paper analyses trends and persistence in atmospheric pollution in ten US cities over the period from January 2014 to January 2024 using fractional integration methods. The results support the hypothesis of long memory and mean reversion in atmospheric pollution in all cities examined. They...

A Bayesian factor-augmented interacted vector autoregression framework purified of expectations is employed to analyze how government spending shocks have impacted CO2 emissions in the United States from the 1980s to the pre-pandemic period. Consumption-generated emissions are found to have...

This paper revisits the exporter’s environmental premium (EEP) by incorporating emissions embodied in domestically and internationally sourced intermediate inputs. Combining administrative firm-level data and customs records for German manufacturers with an environmentally extended...

The implementation of environmental policies varies substantially across geographical areas. This paper proposes a conceptual and methodological framework-adapted from the health economics literature- to assess equity in the allocation of environmental policy effort. We define "environmental...

This publication provides an overview about data of the German ⁠PRTR⁠ (Pollutant Release and Transfer Register). For each pollutant, the number of reported facilities and their releases to air, water and land and their off-site transfer in waste water are clearly displayed. Data for...

Since the early 21st century, air quality concerns in the People's Republic of China (PRC) have garnered significant attention from both the public authorities and society. This study investigates the effects of digital environmental monitoring technology on air pollution. Specifically, we...

Hazardous air pollution poses significant health and economic challenges for Nepal. Air pollution raises public health concerns in Nepal, particularly in the country's two geographic hotspots: the Kathmandu Valley and the Terai (southern plain areas bordering India). In these two areas, the...

The objective of this note is to discuss the varying sources and impacts of CO2 and non-CO2 gases, place their emissions into context, and discuss ways in which cities can address their contributions to global warming

Improving energy efficiency and reducing carbon emissions are currently global goals pursued by countries worldwide. The Chinese government has also committed to peaking carbon dioxide emissions by 2030. As a developing country with the highest export volume of goods in the world, it is crucial...

The challenge of conciliating global decarbonization efforts with socio-economic welfare in coal-dependent regions calls for innovative approaches for just transitions. This study proposes a circular industrial system that integrates CO2 capture through Temperature Swing Adsorption (TSA) with...

This paper relates to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 7 and 13. We uniquely investigate a population growth-energy-emissions persistence trilemma in Africa. This study contributes to the literature and policymaking by determining the effect of population growth and energy...

This paper documents the evolution of US carbon emissions and discusses the main factors that contributed to the historical carbon emissions rollercoaster. We divide the discussion into four periods - up to 1920, 1920-1960, 1960-2005 and after 2005. For each period, we discuss the main drivers...

Regulation 2016/427 (later consolidated in Regulation 2017/1151) introduced light-duty vehicle on road testing in addition to the laboratory tests for the type approval of vehicles in the European Union. Since then, vehicle emissions have been extensively measured with different types of...

This briefing is intended to support future European Commission policy action on methane abatement at the national, EU and international levels. Such actions will contribute to innovative solutions in the industry, agriculture and food sectors.

The overall objective for this service request was to provide the underlying analysis to support the preparation of the Commission's fourth Clean Air Outlook report. Alongside this, the outputs will also help to inform the Commission's review of the NEC Directive due in 2025. In line with the...

Since 2018, the 'EU Maritime MRV Regulation', requires shipping companies to monitor and report their fuel consumption, greenhouse gas emissions and other key parameters for their ships when sailing to/from and between ports of the European Economic Area (EEA). Every year, the European...

The steel industry is a major contributor to global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, accounting for approximately 7% of worldwide emissions. As steelmakers in the EU invest heavily in decarbonisation, the success of these efforts hinges on the market's ability to differentiate and reward...

Air pollution has reduced steadily across Europe over recent decades, yet it remains the region's largest environmental health risk, causing diseases, lowering quality of life and leading to preventable deaths. The EU has set air quality standards to reduce risks posed by air pollution. This...

The accelerated industrial growth and economic expansion of Southeast Asian economies have intensified the concern related environmental issues and natural resource depletion. Amid these circumstances, the study finds an opportunity to investigate the key enabling factors that enhance natural...

Energy-related carbon emissions from the transportation sector are one of the major obstacles to achieving global carbon reduction targets. Current research on transportation energy mainly focuses on the energy end-use stage, with a lack of simulations covering both the front-end and end-use...

Greenhouse gas emissions, primarily carbon dioxide (Co₂), influence climate change and have a significant impact on public health. The relationship is a subject of interest to many researchers. However, the situation of Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries is not sufficiently explored...

We examine how exogenous changes in exposure to air pollution over the past two decades have altered the disparities in home values between Black and White homeowners. We find that air quality capitalization rates are significantly lower for Black homeowners. In fact, they are so much lower...

Are carbon emissions priced in equity markets? The literature is split with different approaches yielding conflicting results. We develop a stylized model showing that, if emissions are priced, stock returns depend on expected emissions and the product of the innovation in emissions and the...