Based on the export VAT rebate rate data from 2004 to 2015, this paper measures the uncertainty of Chinese export VAT rebate policy by using unexpected fluctuation of export VAT rebate rate, and finds that the index varies across products, years and industries. Then, the paper studies the...

Exploiting exogenous variation in retail fuel prices from a temporary fuel tax discount in Germany, we estimate how the pass-through of the discount varies over space and time. We draw on daily gasoline prices of virtually all gas stations in Germany and neighboring France, with France serving...

This paper develops a novel theory linking quantity discounts to bargaining power in scenarios where retailers, organized as a trade association, negotiate uniform wholesale prices with suppliers. Our theory predicts that suppliers offer greater quantity discounts in regional markets where they...

We examine foreclosure discounts and their subsequent impact on investor returns in Berlin's housing market from 1984 to 2022. Utilizing hedonic regression models and matching techniques on a data set of housing transactions, we determine that foreclosure discounts, ranging from 20% to 50%, are...

Discount is the difference between the face value of a bond and its present value. I propose an arbitrage-free dynamic framework for discount models, which provides an alternative to the Heath–Jarrow–Morton framework for forward rates. I derive general consistency conditions for factor...

Subscription programs, which offer customers access to exclusive benefits and discounts for a recurring membership fee, are experiencing a surge in popularity in the retail sector. Most new subscription programs are launched by retailers already offering their customers free loyalty programs...

For 181 million Americans not on Medicare or Medicaid but insured through their employer, labor union, or private insurance health plan, the primary restraints on pharmaceutical prices are pharmaceutical benefit managers (PBMs) who administer health plan drug benefits. PBMs use the aggregate...

The approved tax code amendments will cap a discount on Urals oil price to North Sea Dated for the calculation of oil taxes. By our estimates, amendments may bring an additional of around Rb640bn into the budget in 2023. However, the mechanism incorporated in the amendments entails the risk of a...

There are well-documented episodes for which prices remained at supracompetitive levels even after a cartel had been shut down by the competition authority. As long as market conditions remain reasonably stable, it is quite possible that collusive prices will still be incentive compatible so the...

We study the efficacy of rebates in reward-based crowdfunding, where a project is only realized when a funding goal is met, and only those who pledge at least a reservation price receive a reward. We propose and experimentally test two rebate rules against the all-or-nothing model. Firstly, we...

We study the efficacy of rebate rules in reward-based crowdfunding, where a project is only realized when a funding goal is met, and only those who pledge at least a reservation price receive a reward from the project. We propose and experimentally test two rebate rules against the customary...

Contests are widely used as mechanisms to incentivize efforts in various contexts, from research innovation to athlete and employee performance. This paper presents a model suggesting that a contest with multiple prizes and a minimum effort requirement can be an effective way to promote...

Background: What are the cumulative influences of pricing, promotions of commodities, order size-based discount opportunities, and alternative warehousing scenarios on effective decision-making concerning inventory management? It is observed that the prices and promotion of products influence...

An increasing number of construction projects are adopting prefabrication to economize on time, labor, and materials. This method calls for prudent supply chain management, because its performance relies on coordination between the contractor and supplier. Studies in construction management,...

Purpose: The authors investigate the manufacturer's choice of discount schemes in a supply chain with competing retailers. Design/methodology/approach: Using a game-theoretic model, the authors build two discount frameworks and compare and analyze the effects of different discount schemes on the...

Drug copayment coupons to reduce patient cost-sharing have become nearly ubiquitous for high-priced brand-name prescription drugs. Medicare bans such coupons on the grounds that they are kickbacks that induce utilization, but they are commonly used by commercially-insured enrollees. We estimate...

Are consumers in the marketplace aware of their behavioral biases? Which biases can be profitably exploited by firms? I answer these questions in the context of a widely regulated form of price discrimination: rebates that require active redemption. I show theoretically how to recover...

Rising list prices are often used to illustrate the burden of prescription drug spending, but payers routinely negotiate rebates from manufacturers that generate differences between list and net prices. List prices are easily available and affect patient cost-sharing, but net prices are...

We introduce a Generalized Nested Logit model of demand for bundles that can be estimated sequentially and virtually eliminates any challenge of dimensionality related to large choice sets. We use it to investigate quantity discounts for carbonated soft drinks by simulating a counterfactual with...

It is prevalent in many markets that customers are provided menus of tariffs with usage-dependent marginal prices. One instance of such nonlinear pricing scheme is additional payments on excess consumptions (e.g., overage charge, late fee, add-on charge for ancillary features or services)....