The purpose of the paper is to present the results of the research on the potential inclusion of different types of crypto assets, such as Bitcoin, NFTs (Non-Fungible Tokens), and DeFi (Decentralised Finance), within optimal portfolios to help reduce variance or increase returns compared to...

This study examines price transmission dynamics in the Hungarian pork market from 2017 to 2023, focusing on the effects of price controls implemented to combat inflation. Inflation and price control policies have been central topics in economic research due to their significant impacts on market...

This unique insight into the corporate investment in Hungary examines companies' finance needs and the constraints they face. The 2024 edition also provides insight into the pressing issues facing firms, such as climate change, high energy costs and the green transition. The survey, which has...

This report is an analysis of the labour market in the central and eastern regions of the Hungarian-Slovak border area, encompassing approximately the border regions lying to the east of the Banská Bystrica-Balassagyarmat-Budapest axis. It presents a current and forward-looking analysis of the...

This report is an analysis of the labour market in the Austrian-Hungarian border Region. It presents a current and forward-looking analysis of the evolution of the labour market from both a statistical and policy perspective. Importantly, the focus of the case study is on the cross-border region...

The VAT Gap represents the difference between expected VAT revenues and those actually collected, reflecting compliance challenges, policy inefficiencies, and enforcement gaps. As part of the European Commission's ongoing efforts to improve VAT compliance and revenue collection, these 27 country...

This report documents the work done in the most recent annual update for Hungary. This work was carried out by the EUROMOD core development team, based at the JRC in Seville, in collaboration with the national team.

Overall, government effectiveness increased but remained below the average (score is 0.53, ranking is 22 in 2022) among the European Union Member States (EU‑27) compared to 2019 (before the impact of COVID-19). Although there was a temporary reversal in the trend during the post-COVID period,...

Hungary reported 573 ELD occurrences to the European Commission in the period between 30 April 2007 and 30 April 2013, the highest number of ELD occurrences reported by any Member State. The Country Report for Hungary stated that the number of ELD occurrences since that time is not publicly...

The aim is to identify gaps in the monitoring network for Hungary according to the revised Ambient Air Quality Directive (Directive (EU) 2024/2881). The analysis is conducted considering the data officially reported by Hungary for the last five years (2019-2023) to EEA's Repornet2. Data has been...

For decades Hungary, like the other post-socialist Central-Eastern European countries, followed a general policy of establishing and strengthening the institutions of democracy and a market economy. While Hungary initially benefited from the EU's convergence mechanisms, including access to the...

Objective: The article aims to explore the potential differences between the two phases of entrepreneurship, i.e., total early-stage entrepreneurial activity and established business, as defined by the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM). The study aimed to classify entrepreneurs using various...

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has been long examined since every company affects its natural and social environments. This study presents research on CSR practices and their relationship with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) with the aim to find out about CSR from the aspect of...

The changes in market structures in post-socialist economies have led to a significant increase in interest in the dynamics of corporate concentration and its broader socio-economic impacts. This study aimed to assess Hungary's food industry over a 30-year period (1993-2022), with a primary...

This study offers a comparative analysis of the technology transfer models in Hungary and Israel, focusing on the conversion of academic research into market-ready innovations. The research emphasizes traditional technology transfer mechanisms, particularly the roles of Technology Transfer...

Cedefop's work on qualifications frameworks dates back to 2003. The Centre has contributed to the conceptual development of the European Qualifications Framework (EQF) and has supported its further implementation, working alongside with the of national authorities and stakeholders to introduce...

The COVID-19 pandemic impacted profoundly on the mental and physical health of defense personnel, due to their involvement in the enforcement of COVID-19 measures and confined work environments. This cross-sectional study assessed the effects of the pandemic on work-life balance, mental health,...

This study ofers valuable insights for educational institutions by comparing the entrepreneurial intentions (EI) of international and local students in Hungary and analyzing the impact of entrepreneurial self-efcacy on their EI. A quantitative empirical approach was conducted to collect a total...

The study investigates extrinsic and intrinsic factors that influence honey purchasing decisions and their impact on honey consumption in Slovakia and Hungary. The comparative study is based on an online survey carried out during 2022. Both research samples are representative in terms of gender...

Background: Extensive research highlights the economic benefits of collaboration among parcel delivery service providers, yet mutually advantageous cooperative arrangements remain limited in Hungary's online shopping sector. Service providers typically prefer to operate independently rather than...

This in-depth review presents the main findings of the Commission's staff assessment of macroeconomic vulnerabilities for Hungary for the purposes of Regulation (EU) No 1176/2011 on the prevention and correction of macroeconomic imbalances. It provides technical input to the Commission for the...

The Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) is the framework of economic policies covering the European Union (EU) - including both euro area and non-euro area countries. The principal long-term aim of EMU is economic convergence for the EU over three successive stages. Once a country reaches the...

The Commission carried out a study to look at consumer behaviours concerning food waste and date marking. The study covered over 25000 participants from across all 27 EU Member States, who were asked to report on how they manage food in their daily lives through a survey. Based on their...

The Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) is the framework of economic policies covering the European Union (EU) - including both euro area and non-euro area countries. The principal long-term aim of EMU is economic convergence for the EU over three successive stages. Once a country reaches the...

Regulatory sandboxes have emerged as policy instruments designed to support FinTech innovation while maintaining supervisory oversight. By allowing firms to test financial products in controlled environments, sandboxes aim to reduce regulatory uncertainty and facilitate market entry. Despite...

The motives for starting a business among university students represent a current and important topic of scientific research. A key scientific premise of this approach is that significant research has demonstrated the importance of entrepreneurial activities by university-educated entrepreneurs...

The study examines the influence of markups on the export decisions and subsequent export intensity of firms within the Hungarian wine sector. Additionally, we evaluate the impact of entering and sustaining a presence in export markets on firms' markups and compare the markup levels between...

Social cooperatives, which are an important pillar of the solidarity economy, have become increasingly popular and common in Hungary over the past 10 years, especially in disadvantaged settlements, where the administrative burden of public employment is outsourced to social cooperatives....

Background: A societal shift in attitudes is going to be required to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the field of transportation, which is crucial to the level of mitigation that can be achieved. There is increasing pressure on policymakers to address climate change and, in turn, to promote...

The aim of the paper is to estimate the allocation of system-level risk and capital buffers due to interconnectedness (due to the correlation structure) of Hungarian Other Systemically Important Institutions using a market information-based method. The approach of Tarashev et al. (2015) is...

The agriculture sector is increasingly challenged to maintain productivity and sustainability amidst environmental, marketplace, and geopolitical pressures. While precision agriculture enhances physical production, the financial resilience of agricultural firms has been understudied. In this...

This Briefing provides background information concerning the situation of Democracy, the Rule of Law and Fundamental Rights (DRF) in Hungary and how Article 2 TEU values are respected and implemented in the country (the last LIBE Committee mission on the topic took place on October 2021).

This Briefing provides background information concerning the situation of Democracy, the Rule of Law and Fundamental Rights (DRF) in Hungary and how Article 2 TEU values are respected and implemented in the country (the last LIBE Committee mission on the topic took place on October 2021).

This paper presents causal evidence on how financial aid for Hungarian minorities in Slovakia leads to their non-assimilation. Using a staggered panel event study design, I show that the introduction of financial aid by the Hungarian government led to a statistically significant 2.35 percentage...

Schultracking basiert auf der frühen Aufteilung von Lernenden nach Leistung, doch die Wirkung auf die Kompetenzentwicklung ist empirisch unklar. Wir zeigen, dass ein breiterer Zugang zum Gymnasium Bildungsungleichheiten senken kann: Schüler:innen verbessern Leistung und Hochschulambitionen...

There have been no major changes in Hungary's water governance since the 2nd RBMP. Hungary has one RBMP and four sub-basin plans, with a multi-layer type of governance. The Hungarian RBMP is coordinated with the FRMP: these documents are undergoing parallel processes of elaboration and revision;...

This policy brief produced by Cedefop presents a snapshot of vocational education and training (VET) policy developments in Hungary between 2020 and the end of 2024. It presents the context and the challenges the country faces, a selection of the latest VET-related statistics, as well as the...

The Floods Directive (FD) established a framework for flood risk management. It foresees 6-yearly cycles aiming at the reduction of the adverse consequences associated with floods in the European Union (EU). The first cycle covered the period 2010-15. The second cycle covered the period 2016-21....