One of the most misunderstood components of valuing a small closely-held business is how to address the impact of small size. Most closely-held enterprises are relatively small in size, with market values less than $1million. Many small mom and pop operations, or single owner-operator family...

This study investigates the interdependencies between debt capital and dividend policy as complementary factors influencing firm value among corporations listed on the Korea Composite Stock Price Index (KOSPI). Using Tobin's Q as a firm value metric and employing robust econometric techniques...

This study uses a novel measure of climate change exposure at the firm level to investigate the impact of climate change on the value of Asia-Pacific non-financial firms. We examine whether increased carbon disclosure mitigates this impact. The findings reveal that a one-standard-deviation...

The paper investigates the effect of environmental policies on the market valuation of companies within the European Union's Industrial sector, along with traditional financial indicators. Taking into account the Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive imposed by the European Union...

This study aims to explore how a firm's exposure to economic policy uncertainty (EPU) affects the use of fair value (FV) measurement for non-financial assets.The analysis focuses on the selection of FV models for different types of non-financial assets. It examines how internal factors and...

We propose a fundamental valuation model for sports clubs and stadia using discounted (adjusted) revenues. We argue that a sports club is a "quasi firm" that aims to balance budgets, achieve an efficient allocation of financial resources, and maximize revenues. Under this objective the sports...

In 2018, the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) introduced International Financial Reporting Standard 9 (IFRS 9), which sets out principles for hedge accounting and replaces International Accounting Standard 39 (IAS 39). IFRS 9 aims to provide better information about companies'...

In the past few decades, companies have begun to pay attention to the issue of whether companies that are engaged in CSR activities enhance firm value remains a subject of debate. From the perspective of agency theory, high-CSR companies can encounter poor financial performance and a reduction...

This article presents a new methodological approach to value private equity investments based on simulation. The valuation relies on 'imperfect replication'. This method does not presuppose the perfection of the capital market and is essentially built on measuring the risk. The approach turns...

This study aims to assess the influence of natural hedging on firm value, incorporating the mediating role of financial derivatives and the moderating impact of macroeconomic variables. Employing partial least square structural equation modeling on data spanning 21,169 firm years (3050 firms)...

Corporate sustainability due diligence (CSDD) is needed in order to achieve a transition towards a green economy and deliver the UN Sustainable Development Goals. Therefore, the Commission proposed the Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive (CSDDD) in 2019. In March 2024, the Council...

This study, commissioned by the European Parliament's Committee on Budgetary Control (CONT), investigates whether EU institutions implement human rights and sustainability due diligence when they purchase goods and services. Based on documentary analysis and interviews, this study finds that...

The literature are abound with studies on the impact of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) factors on a company's value, or more broadly, on its financial performance. However, most analyses concern developed markets, mainly because the largest rating agencies operate in these markets,...

Objective This paper examines the extent to which different corporate governance mechanisms affect the recognition and measurement of goodwill impairment, considering that these decisions are affected by a complex set of factors such as variables associated with corporate governance,...

Objective Due Diligence is considered an internal practice that analyzes and identifies the actual situation of an organization. Having a strategic relevance and impact on Mergers and Acquisitions, it provides a solid foundation for the final decision or negotiation. Given this relevance, it is...

Changes in the accounting principles caused by changing business conditions, economic development, rising living standards, emergence of new needs and scientific and technological progress create an urgent need to reflect and value intellectual assets of enterprises in accounting. The purpose of...

Purpose: Global merger and acquisition and capital market activity have increased over the last decade. A key determinant of the value of these transactions are the results of corporate valuations, which require technical expertise as well as professional judgement. The purpose of this research...

This study investigates how a firm's climate change risk (FCCR) and financial flexibility (FIFL) affect its value and environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance. We use data from publicly listed US firms for 2012-2021. We employed four estimation methods: bootstrap quantile...

Purpose: This research aims to study the impact of profitability indicators on maximizing the market value added and intrinsic value for industrial companies listed on the Iraq Stock Exchange. Design/methodology/approach: The research was structured using the analysis study method, incorporating...

China's STAR Market, with its registration-based IPO system, blends market-oriented features with growth criteria, making it an ideal research setting to analyze IPO companies' growth manipulation and its economic impacts. Using data from 2019 to 2021, our study employs non-parametric methods to...