Driving the energy transition in the GCC : the role of Artificial Intelligence, technology and energy prices

Amidst global decarbonization dynamics, Artificial Intelligence (AI), the Digital economy, and energy prices are shaping the energy transition in a way that has never been more critical. Using MMQR and IVQR, this research investigates the effects of AI, research and development (R&D), and energy prices on the Energy Transition (ETR) in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. The novel non-parametric quantile analysis results indicate that AI, R&D, and the Digital economy have a positive influence on the energy transition across different quantiles. Oil prices have a negative impact on the energy transition, particularly at the upper quantile, where high oil prices often hinder the transition. AI and the digital economy are important drivers of energy transition in the GCC. This study contributes by showing their significance and offering important insights for policy.