A cross-border analysis of the policies for Alpine pasture farming

Livestock farming and the environmentally friendly management of Alpine pastures represent a traditional form of mountain farming. Grazing and the maintenance of pastures and the Alps are publicly subsidised in recognition of the ecological importance of the activities and because the costs are higher than usual due to the mountainous topography. Among the numerous support measures, payments made for agri-environmental measures and compensatory allowances for disadvantaged areas have proved to be the most effective arrangements for the ongoing management of Alpine pastures. This article analyses international and regional differences and similarities in objectives, processes, definitions/specifications and financial resources of these agricultural policy regulations for the preservation of this mountain cultural landscape. Since the payment system is not the only factor influencing the development of Alpine pasture farming, the relationship between the development of farms and tourism and regional economic conditions is analysed by way of an example. Based on the results and on the findings from expert interviews, the authors deduce recommendations for action for sustainable policies in mountain areas.