A typology of distance-based measures of spatial concentration

Over the last decade, distance-based methods have been introduced and then improved in the field of spatial economics to gauge the geographic concentration of activities. There is a growing literature on this theme including new tools, discussions on specific properties and various applica-tions. However no typology of distance-based methods exists. This paper fills this gap. The proposed classification helps understanding all properties of distance-based methods and proves that they are variations on the same framework.