An analytical framework for optimizing supply chain operations with lean practices

Integrating lean principles into supply chain (SC) management has gained significant attention, but the emphasis on sustainability remains limited. This study addresses this gap by introducing a comprehensive Supply Chain Value Stream Mapping (SC-VSM) framework to enhance sustainability performance while maintaining operational efficiency. SC-VSM combines lean tools and techniques to streamline processes, reduce waste, and foster continuous improvement within a holistic supply chain system. A detailed literature review identifies key lean practices applicable to SC management, emphasizing the need for a strategic approach to align operational goals, build trust-based partnerships, and address technological uncertainties. The proposed SC-VSM framework is validated through a Fly Ash Brick Manufacturing Plant case study. The study evaluates the framework's effectiveness in optimizing processes, minimizing waste, and enhancing sustainability outcomes. The findings highlight SC-VSM's practical advantages in achieving sustainable supply chain goals, particularly for small and medium-sized enterprises. This research closes the theoretical and practical gap in lean SC management by providing a validated model that integrates sustainability into supply chain operations.