Analysis of a Dynamical Model for HIV Infection with One or Two Inputs

A dynamical model that describes the interaction of the HIV virus and the immune system is presented. The effect of introducing antiretroviral therapy on the model, consisting of RTI and PI drugs is investigated, along with the result of undesired treatment interruption. Furthermore, the effect of both drugs can be combined into a single parameter that further simplifies the model into a single input system. Drug administration can be adjusted by feedback control, through monthly blood tests that measure the viral load. Furthermore, the system is linearized around the equilibrium, leading to a system of linear differential equations of first order that can be integrated into courses of control systems engineering, linear and nonlinear systems in higher education.