Causality between trade openness and energy consumption: What causes what in high, middle and low income countries

This paper explores the relationship between trade openness and energy consumption using data of 91 high, middle and low income countries. The study covers the period of 1980–2010. We have applied panel cointegration to examine long run relationship between the variables. The direction of causal relationship between trade openness is investigated by applying Homogenous non-causality, Homogenous causality and Heterogeneous causality tests.

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Year of publication:	2014
Authors:	Shahbaz, Muhammad ; Nasreen, Samia ; Ling, Chong Hui ; Sbia, Rashid
Published in:	Energy Policy. - Elsevier, ISSN 0301-4215. - Vol. 70.2014, C, p. 126-143
Publisher:	Elsevier
Subject:	Trade \| Energy \| Causality

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Type of publication:	Article
Source:	RePEc - Research Papers in Economics

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010776729