Contraintes de débouchés, capacités de production et chômage dans un modèle macroéconomique avec concurrence imparfaite

The purpose of this paper is to show how to combine in a unified setup recent developments on wage and price formation together with the key features of models with quantity constraints. This is done in a traditional three-goods (goods, labor and money) two-markets (goods and labor) setup, plus energy for the analysis of the consequences of an oil shock. Prices are set by monopolistically competitive firms ; the wage rate is set by the union. We examine successively the properties of the short-run (fixed productive capacity ; fixed prices and wages), the medium-run (fixed productive capacity ; endogenous prices and wages), and the long-run (endogenous productive capacity, wages and prices) equilibria, especially the equilibrium values of the unemployment and capacity utilization rates, and of the proportion of sales-constrained firms. It is shown in particular that a large proportion of sales-constrained firms is not necessarily an indication that demand should be reflated.