Définition du risque optimal de rupture de stock d’un composant en cas d’approvisionnement d’urgence

This article focuses on the calculation of the optimal stock-out risk for a component, which is used by alternative modules mounted on several assembly lines. The studied context is a supply chain dedicated to the mass production of highly diversified products, which is common in the automotive industry. The Material Requirement Planning (MRP) approach is adapted for the monitoring of this chain; however, the distance between the production units leads to mix between production to stock and production to order for the component of interest. To prevent stock-out propagation along the downstream part of the supply chain, use of an emergency supply is triggered prior to its occurrence. The definition of the optimal safety stock and the associated optimal stock-out risk, are based on a monoperiod model that considers the cost of a safety stock and the costs incurred by the emergency supply (transportation and production). The analytical solutions are illustrated and two alternatives emergency policies are compared.