Deforestation and forest degradation in the Amazon : update for year 2023 and assessment of humid forest regrowth

The Amazon rainforest, a vital global ecosystem, is facing significant threats from the loss of intact forest through deforestation and degradation. This report provides an overview of recent forest changes in the Amazon, focusing on Brazil, the country with the largest portion of the Amazon. Based on the JRC cloud-computed, remote sensing - based, large-scale tropical forest monitoring approach, maps and statistical estimates on forest cover changes from 1990 - 2023 are provided in this report for the whole region as well as for the different Amazon countries. The report contains a discussion about the drivers of deforestation, such as agricultural expansion, and forest degradation (e.g. illegal or unsustainable selective logging, forest fires). These activities have severe consequences for biodiversity, climate regulation, and the livelihoods of millions of people. In addition, a dedicated chapter on forest regrowth in the Amazon biome shows its spatial distribution and its changes over time, and provides a detailed analysis of its growth dynamics and their value regarding biodiversity and carbon storage. Understanding the changes in the forest is crucial for developing effective strategies to protect the Amazon. By identifying vulnerable areas and understanding the underlying drivers of deforestation, forest degradation and regrowth, informed and targeted interventions can be planned and implemented to mitigate these threats.