The comparison between Economics and Business Management allows the clarification of some of their characteristics and limits as regards method, language, and objectives. Secondly, it allows the verification of the reciprocal contribution relating to research. For such a comparison, the object of study, the method, and the objectives of Economics and Business Management are taken into consideration distinguishing; so far as Business Management is concerned, between the Italian and American tradition which has generated Management Science. Management Science has a close affinity to Business Management but differs greatly regarding the method of study which, using the instruments of analysis and reasoning, makes it more similar to Economics.