Effects of Microbial Agent and Microbial Fertilizer Input on Soil Microbial Community Structure and Diversity in a Peanut Continuous Cropping System

Rhizosphere microbial communities have a relationship with plant growth and soil fertility and play an important role in the ecosystem. Here, we investigated the effects of different fertilization on the microbial community structure in the peanut rhizosphere soil using Illumina MiSeq high throughput sequencing. Yubao No. 4 cultivar was used in this study as the experimental material. Compound fertilizer (CF), compound fertilizer + microbial agent (CF+MA), compound fertilizer + microbial fertilizer (CF+MF) and compound fertilizer + microbial agent + microbial fertilizer (CF+MM) was applied to the soil. Results showed that CF+MA, CF+MF and CF+MM treatments significantly increased peanut yield. The activities of catalase, urease and acid phosphatase in the soil were significantly raised in CF+MA and CF+MM treatment compared to CF during the blossom stage and pod-setting stage. Sequencing result indicated that the bacteria richness in rhizosphere soil of peanut was increased after CF+MA was applied. The fungal diversity was decreased after CF+MA, CF+MF and CF+MM was applied. The dominant bacterial phyla found in all samples were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Acidobacteria. Members of the Ascomycota and Basidiomycota phyla dominated the fungal component of the rhizosphere soil microbiome across all treatments. Our results indicate that microbial agent and microbial fertilizer alter the microbial community structure of peanut rhizosphere soil. The abundance of potentially beneficial bacteria ( Bradyrhizobium , Rhizobium and Burkholderia ) and fungi ( Trichoderma and Cladophialophora ) increased, while that of potentially pathogenic fungi ( Penicillium and Fusarium ) decreased, thereby significantly promoting plant growth and yield of peanut