Energy use patterns and econometric models of grape production in Hamadan province of Iran

This paper examines the energy use patterns and relationship between energy input and yield for grape production in Malayer region of Hamadan Province. Data from 50 farmers were collected using a face-to-face questionnaire method. In the surveyed vineyards, average yield and energy consumption were calculated as 18,530 kgha−1 and 45,213.66 MJha−1, respectively. Among input energy sources, fertilizers, electricity and farmyard manure contained highest energy shares with 37.25%, 19%, and 17.84%, respectively. The energy ratio and energy productivity were found to be 4.95 and 0.42 kgMJ−1.