LEO satcom cyber security assessment : February 2024

This report covers the topic of cybersecurity of Low Earth Orbit (LEO) constellations delivering telecommunications services (LEO satcom in short). The key specifics of an LEO satcom system may be summed up as (a) many assets forming the space and ground segments and (b) a worldwide distribution of the services delivered by those assets. These two aspects usually differentiate satcom systems from terrestrial and other space systems (such as geostationary satellites), where the service coverage under the responsibility of a single organisation/system is smaller. The global nature of LEO satcom also calls for tailored cybersecurity treatment.