Machine acceleration time series prediction for dimensional accuracy of 3D printed parts

This study explores the influence of infill patterns on machine acceleration prediction in the realm of three-dimensional (3D) printing, particularly focusing on extrusion technology. Our primary objective was to develop a long short-term memory (LSTM) network capable of assessing this impact. We conducted an extensive analysis involving 12 distinct infill patterns, collecting time-series data to examine their effects on the acceleration of the printer’s bed. The LSTM network was trained using acceleration data from the adaptive cubic infill pattern, while the Archimedean chords infill pattern provided data for evaluating the network's prediction accuracy. This involved utilizing offline time-series acceleration data as the training and testing datasets for the LSTM model. Specifically, the LSTM model was devised to predict the acceleration of a fused deposition modeling (FDM) printer using data from the adaptive cubic infill pattern. Rigorous testing yielded a root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.007144, reflecting the model's precision. Further refinement and testing of the LSTM model were conducted using acceleration data from the Archimedean chords infill pattern, resulting in an RMSE of 0.007328. Notably, the developed LSTM model demonstrated superior performance compared to an optimized recurrent neural network (RNN) in predicting machine acceleration data. The empirical findings highlight that the adaptive cubic infill pattern considerably influences the dimensional accuracy of parts printed using FDM technology.