Morality in careers : a systematic review, integration, and ways forward

Research on (un)ethical behavior in organizations has a long tradition, yet the role of individual morality in career development remains underexamined. Insights from both career and behavioral ethics research can help address this issue. While career research so far lacks systematic investigation into the morality-career relationship, behavioral ethics research overlooks the developmental and career-related outcomes of individual morality. This points to a critical need for dialogue between these two fields. An initial analysis of core theories and concepts in career research reveals the scant inclusion of moral variables. Through our systematic review of a final sample of 43 articles, we identify gaps in understanding the interplay between morality and career dynamics, particularly concerning career options (including decisions and opportunities) and both subjective and objective career success. By leveraging the specific insights extracted from the literature review, our aim is to bridge the morality and career research domains. We highlight discrepancies and untapped areas in this field, proposing future research directions concerning (1) the role of morality in career decisions and opportunities, (2) the nexus between morality and career success, and (3) employees' implicit beliefs about this relationship. Furthermore, we consider implications for measurement and career counseling. Altogether, we advocate for a fresh research focus on exploring the impact of individual morality on career development.