New dimensions in the study of outsourcing logistics services : the role of digitalization in enhancing efficiency

Background: Ensuring cost-efficient and high-quality processes for logistics tasks is a significant competitive factor for companies. This includes not only improving existing processes but also examining outsourcing opportunities. Current trends, such as the increasing variety of products, shorter product life cycles, and a dynamically changing economic environment, necessitate frequent reviews and, if needed, the reorganization of logistics activities. Methods: Modern digitalization technologies (e.g., digital twins, artificial intelligence, etc.) open new possibilities for (re)evaluating outsourcing decisions, such as improving process transparency and leveraging optimization opportunities. The currently applied solutions are fragmented and, in many cases, do not integrate digitalization technologies and standardized examination processes, necessitating the development of a new process development framework concept. The research follows an inductive-deductive methodology, combining practical industrial experience with a thorough literature review. Results: The framework presented in this study enables a faster and more efficient evaluation compared to previous approaches by incorporating the application of digitalization technologies. The validity of the developed concept is demonstrated through a case study. Conclusions: The findings highlight the importance of integrating digitalization technologies into logistics process development to enhance decision-making and efficiency. The proposed framework provides a structured approach that facilitates a more effective evaluation of outsourcing decisions and process improvements.