A novel configuration of electrical double layer capacitor with plastic crystal based gel polymer electrolyte and graphene nano-platelets as electrodes: A high rate performance

A new, symmetrical, high rate, solid-state EDLC (electrical double layer capacitor) has been fabricated employing a plastic crystal SN (succinonitrile) based GPE (gel polymer electrolyte) and GNPs (graphene nano-platelets) as electrodes. The free-standing GPE film containing poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVdF-HFP) exhibits the excellent suitability as electrolyte in EDLC due to its high ionic conductivity (∼2 × 10−3 S cm−1 at 20 °C), thermal stability (from −30 to 80 °C), electrochemical stability window (∼3.5 V vs. Ag), and excellent mechanical properties. The high rate capability of the EDLC has been observed from the impedance analysis in terms of high knee frequency (∼58 Hz), low response time (∼791 ms) and high pulse power (∼16.4 kW kg−1). The cyclic voltammetric response indicates the capacitive performance up to a substantially high scan rate of 1000 mV s−1, which further confirms the high rate performance of the EDLC. Though the specific energy of the solid-state EDLC is observed to be low (Emax ∼ 8.2 Wh kg−1), its power density is substantially high (Pmax > 4 kW kg−1). After ∼20% decrement in specific capacitance during the initial charge–discharge cycles, the EDLC offers almost stable performance up to ∼3500 cycles.